EAM2018 - OpenConf Peer Review & Conference Management System

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Wednesday, May 2, 2018

12:00pm - 5:00pm

Board of Governors Meeting (Providence)

6:00pm - 9:00pm

Welcoming Dinner (Bravo Restaurant)

8:00pm - 11:00pm

Conversation & Collegiality (Hilton Providence Bar)

Thursday, May 3, 2018

7:30am - 8:30am

Continental Breakfast (Foyer)

7:30am - 1:30pm

Doctoral Student Consortium (North Rose) [PDW]

8:00am - 12:00pm

Conference Registration (Foyer)

8:30am - 9:15am

Opening Ceremony Speaker (South Rose)

EAM welcomes its 2018 Keynote Speaker, Dr. Dann-Messier, Commissioner of Postsecondary Education for Rhode Island.

8:30am - 11:45am

Board of Governors Meeting (Providence)

9:15am - 10:00am

EAM International Conference 2019 Croatia Preview (Promenade) [PDW]

Come learn about EAM International.

EAM sponsored the first Managing in a Global Economy conference in Tilberg, Netherlands in 1985. The success of the first EAM-I conference led to a series of bienial international conferences organized by EAM in partnership with local host universities in locations around the world. Conferences have been held in varied locations, including Berlin, Singapore, Cape Town, Rio de Janeiro, Bangalore, Sevilla, Lime, and, most recently, Gold Coast, Australia. The EAM-I Conferences are a source of international collaboration and learning among academics and practitioners.

Innovations in Teaching and Learning: Reimagining Study Abroad with Integrated Field-Based Learning (Hartwell) [PDW]

Innovations In Teaching And Learning: Reimagining Study Abroad With Integrated Field-based Learning

Jeff Mello, Rhode Island College

Leslie DiManna, Rhode Island College

Kyungsub Choi, Rhode Island College

Study abroad programs continue to be an increasingly desired means to provide global immersion in business education. While other opportunities exist to acquaint students with global business, study abroad provides the greatest impact yet remains infeasible for many students for a variety of reasons. This workshop will explore some innovative study abroad programs which have made the experience available for students for whom it would otherwise not be.

Using Open Web-based Tools to Deliver a Collaborative and Engaging Classroom: Let’s Make Learning Fun! (LaSalle) [PDW]

Using Open Web-based Tools To Deliver A Collaborative And Engaging Classroom: Let’s Make Learning Fun!

Patricia Kelly, Quinnipiac University

Amy Paros, Quinnipiac University

Today’s businesses are required to embrace the fast paced world of ever-changing technology in order to stay competitive. Employers demand that students are comfortable using technology (Crittenden & Crittenden, 2016). It is essential for management education to remain relevant and mirror a technology forward classroom environment in order to prepare students for the workplace (Cudney, 2017). Using new learning tools in the classroom can be benefitual to the student expirence (Cudney, 2017). In addition to workplace preportation, the current learning generation demands a learning experience connected through technology (Crittenden & Crittenden, 2016). Successful use of technology and collaborative tools in the classroom can be facilitated at a low cost while allowing instructors to manage student learning and desired outcomes. This event will discuss the use of three open online tools Kahoot IT, PollEnywhere and CATME.

Welcome to EAM: Where Scholarship and Collegiality Meet (Renaissance) [PDW]

Are you new to the Eastern Academy of Management? Want to know more about the benefits of getting involved and how to do so? Curious about all those acronyms (ELA, CASE, OMJ, etc.)? Please join us for an informative panel discussion on these topics and more. This is a relaxed, collegial forum to ask all your questions about the conference and the EAM organization!

10:00am - 10:15am

Refreshment Break (Foyer)

10:15am - 11:45am

Education and Learning (Promenade) [Entrepreneurship]

Session Chair: Christina Tupper, North Carolina A&T State University

The Heterogeneous Process Of Entrepreneurial Learning By Doing

Congshan Li, Georgia Institute of Technology

While it is generally agreed that the performance of new ventures is strongly influenced by entrepreneurial capability, whether entrepreneurial capability can be enhanced through learning-by-doing (LBD) has been supported by conflicting evidence. This paper employs experiential learning theory to frame an empirical study of processes by which entrepreneurial experience is transformed into generalizable entrepreneurial knowledge that enhances entrepreneurial capability. The results show that entrepreneurial LBD is heterogeneity across individuals and is most sensitive to experience among entrepreneurs with a high educational ability and diversified occupational experience. These results, which help reconcile the conflicting results found by previous studies, have implications for both theory and practice.

Millennial Entrepreneurial Propensity : Theoretical Influence Of B-school Curricula

Raymond VanNess, Siena College

Charles Seifert, Siena College

Daniel Robeson, Siena College

Millennials constitute the majority of collegiate business students and are approaching fifty percent of the workforce. Reportedly they have attitudes, expectations, and beliefs about work that differ from previous generational cohorts. Further, they appear to possess a diminished interest in entrepreneurship, potentially a harbinger of significant economic challenges for communities. Within the context of learning theory, this paper theorizes that some Collegiate Business School programs differ in their strength of support for entrepreneurial oriented millennials. An enhanced understanding of this influence may empower educators to integrate, where appropriate, program characteristics that reinforce latent entrepreneurial propensity, perhaps encouraging these individuals to continue rather than abandon their initial entrepreneurial predispositions. Suggestions are offered for future empirical testing of this proposal.

Evolving Entrepreneurial Universities: A Bibliometric Analysis

Sandhya Balasubramanian, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Steven Tello, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Yi Yang, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Research on entrepreneurial universities as a key driver of innovation and economic growth has witnessed increasing interest in recent years. The study aims to review the current state of research on entrepreneurial universities. Employing both the co-citation and bibliographic coupling approaches, we review and analyze 178 scientific articles published in refereed journals over the 27 years (1983 – 2016), our study advances the understanding of the entrepreneurial university literature by identifying the core domains and their intellectual structures, as well as establishing current and emerging trends.

Team Processes (LaSalle) [OB]

To Share Or Not To Share, It Depends On Member-team Conscientiousness Fit

Guozhen Zhao, Delta State University

Holly Chiu, Brooklyn College of City University of New York

Hao Jiao, Beijing Normal University

Meng Yu Cheng, Feng Chia University

Ying Chen, University of Illinois

Drawing on research in person-team fit and similarity-attraction in personality, we examined the effects of the (in)congruence between a member’s personality trait of conscientiousness and a team’s composition of conscientiousness on the members’ knowledge sharing behavior. We conducted two studies using data from Taiwan and the United States. Using the cross-level polynomial regression, we found consistent results showing that when a member and his/her team were congruent with conscientiousness, the member shared more knowledge with teammates. We also found that voice in team partially mediated the relationship between person-team fit in conscientiousness and knowledge sharing by using the block variable approach of mediation analysis. Our study demonstrated that in order to better understand the effect of personality (in our case, conscientiousness) on knowledge sharing in team settings, we need to consider member’s personality and the ways in which the congruence and incongruence between the member and the team personality interplay.

Divergent: The Value Of Negative Affective Outliers In Teams

Rachel Carpenter, Pace University

Group affect has been defined without consideration of affective outliers and their impact on individual and team outcomes due to the emphasis of affective convergence and the benefits of teams with positive affect (PA). Group affect consists of four collective affective constructs including affective convergence, affective diversity (or divergence), emotional culture, and affective dynamism with most of the research focused on affective convergence such as emotional contagion (Barsade & Knight, 2015). As researchers and practitioners concentrate on PA, they risk dismissing the contributions of team members who are negative affective outliers (NAO), misunderstanding the individual outcomes of NAOs, and failing to capitalize upon affective divergence through intervention opportunities that could improve affectively divergent team outcomes. In particular, strengths-based interventions have the potential to positively impact individual well-being (Proyer, Ruch, & Buschor, 2013) and life satisfaction (Proctor et al., 2011) which, in turn, can improve work attitudes, behaviors, and intergroup relations.

10:15am - 12:00pm

CASE Association Board Meeting (South Rose) [CASE]

10:15am - 1:30pm

Junior Faculty Consortium (Renaissance) [PDW]

12:00pm - 1:30pm

Continuing Impact: Experts Share Classics (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Corporate Level Strategy (Hartwell) [Strategy and Intl]

Session Chair: Bonnie Rohde, Albright College

Ipo Underpricing And Discretionary Investments

Juhi Bhardwaj, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Joseph Cabral, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Shyam Kumar, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

We study the relationship between initial public offering (IPO) underpricing and subsequent firm strategy. Utilizing prospect theory and the house money effect, we argue that managers of underpriced firms operate from a “gain” frame, and will engage in increased levels of investment into both R&D and SG&A. Using a sample of hi-tech firms that hold an IPO between 1990 and 2014, we find that the degree of underpricing positively impacts the levels of discretionary spending in the period after IPO. Further, we examine the extent to which this results in value creation or destruction for the firms. We find that firms that experience both high levels of underpricing and respond with high levels of investments hurt firm value as proxied by Tobin’s Q. Through this work we highlight that feedback from the financial markets during the IPO process have real effects on firm strategy and ultimately firm value.

Stranger Knows Best: Corporate Venture Capital Investor And Third-party Acquirers

Yi Yang, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Saira Latif, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Although the literature has theoretically pointed out both the financial and strategic implications associated with corporate venture capital (CVC) acquisitions, empirical research on this topic remains limited. Our study attempts to advance the understanding of this phenomenon by examining the market reactions to CVC acquisitions when different acquirers are involved (CVC investor acquirer vs. third-party acquirers). Specifically, we find the market reacts more positively to CVC acquisitions by third-party acquirers than by CVC investors. Furthermore, the findings show that the relationship between acquirer in-house R&D and market reactions to CVC acquisitions is moderated by whether CVC investors are the major investor pre acquisition.

Embryo Cases (South Rose) [CASE]

Too Many Decorations

Elizabeth Siler, Worcester State University

Miriam Plavin-Masterman, Worcester State University

Anna works in a cubicle next to that of a longtime analyst, Amy, who decorates her cubicle for a holiday about once a month, even minor ones like Flag Day. The decorations are not only visually excessive; many of them include lights and/or sound, including ones that are activated by motion sensors. Not surprisingly, the constant sounds and motion are annoying for nearby employees, to the point of interfering with telephone conversations with other employees or clients. To further complicate matters, Amy tends to react strongly and defensively whenever someone disagrees with her, so the group has tacitly chosen to avoid the situation and find ways of coping with it. The authors plan to publish this short case as an open education resource and would like help writing a teaching note that will align with this goal.

Where Do The Visually Impaired Belong In The Workplace?

Amy Wang, Hang Seng Management College

Eko Liao, Hang Seng Management College

Where do the visually impaired belong in the workplace? Two visually impaired individuals share their stories preparing for and entering the workplace. Although the government and certain non-profit organizations provide financial and social support for the visual impaired, misconceptions about the visually impaired and their abilities hinder their employment prospects. This case aims to highlight the challenges that the visually impaired face in their pursuit of a fulfilling professional life.

The Tangibles Vs The Intangibles

Eko Liao, Hang Seng Management College

Amy Wang, Hang Seng Management College

In the National Hockey League (NHL) there is a huge debate over how a coach should deploy his players. Should he use advanced statistical data to precisely determine who has the best chance of scoring? Or, should he use his personal judgement to see which players can provide an emotional spark? Which method is most likely to result in a win? In the context of the workplace, what is the role of tangibles versus intangibles? Should statistical data be used in processes that typically involve human judgement? If so, when and how should it be used?

Physicians In The Cannabis Industry: Managing Tensions And Challenges In Professional Identity Commitments

Opal Leung, St. Francis Xavier University

Nicole Jackson, Menlo College

The legalization of cannabis has been controversial for many professional groups, such as physicians. Even though medical cannabis had been legal in Canada since 2001, many physicians in 2017 were still not comfortable prescribing it, mainly because there was not enough clinical evidence to support the use of cannabis in treating patients. However, there were medical clinics where physicians prescribed cannabis for common conditions such as pain and muscle spasms. The tensions that these physicians were facing were rooted in the conflicting values among the different groups that they served in their work environments. How did they manage the ethical dilemmas brought with this transition, especially if they conflicted with the views of their professional associations? What additional additional challenges did they face with the legalization of cannabis?

Hero Or Bad Employee? When To Follow Procedures

David Desplaces, College of Charleston

None

The Caring Place Assisted Living Center - To Buy And At What Price?

John Bunch, Central Michigan Univ

The Caring Place Assisted Living Center is a small resident care facility that is being considered for purchase by Shawn and John Bunch. The case focuses on whether this purchase is a good idea, what risks are associated with this deal, and what would be a reasonable offer for the business.

The “ghosts” On The Overnight Shift

Mark Promislo, Rider University

How can managers ensure that different groups of employees work together effectively, even when these employees never actually see each other? This is the challenge in a home improvement retail store in which an overnight shift of workers is wreaking havoc with the operation of the store. Ben, the store manager, must figure out how to ensure that the overnight workers are contributing to the success of the store, not threatening it.

Fake It ‘til You Make It: The Formation Of An Artistic Enterprise

Nathalia Munoz Balleros , Universidad de Valle

Monika Hudson, University of san Francisco

Lina Lucumi Mosquera, Universidad de Valle

A cultural arts organization, facing a funding challenge, is torn between staying true to its purpose or succumbing to financial pressures and ceding control as part of a joint venture that will enable them to receive their first national award.

The Highs And Lows Of The Airbus A380

Steven Congden, University of Hartford

This case conveys the environmental factors underlying the original decision to design and build the Airbus A380 ultra-high capacity commercial airliner, as well as more recent factors potentially leading to ending its production. This case provides a basis for PESTLE analysis and Scenario Planning in identifying key drivers and how they interrelate to inform strategic decision making. The uncertainty and idiosyncratic nature of events that effect outcomes is also illustrated.

Medical Tourism: Antecedents And Consequences – A U.s. Perspective

Kaitlyn Bangert, Albright College

Huy Tran, Albright College

This case study discusses the significance of medical tourism to the U.S. economy and highlights important causes and consequences of medical tourism from a U.S. point of view. Students will not only learn the impact of medical tourism on the U.S. international (service) trade, but they also understand essential advantages and disadvantages of traveling abroad for medical needs. This case most effectively supports teaching and learning practices in a number of undergraduate courses such as healthcare management, international business, strategic management, and international economics.

Ngo Strategy Formulation In An Uncertain Development Environment: The Akaa Project Options For Growth

Kimberly Ruegger, Lesley University

Kristine Kelly, Endicott College

The Akaa Project is an NGO that was started in the Eastern region of Ghana in 2008 by Lauren Grimanis, a student at the College of Wooster, OH. Lauren initiated the project after volunteering in Ghana in the summer of 2007 and witnessing the needs for elementary education and empowerment of local women in the village of Asiafo Amanfro. Through micro loans, partnerships, and individual donations, the Akaa Project has succeeded in building a six room school house; installing water and sanitary facilities; and empowering village women through employment and health guidance. Based upon non-profit strategies and the needs of the Asiafo Amanfro community, this case study seeks to find Akaa’s best future growth strategies and the most feasible options available for financing.

Global Perspectives on Governance (North Rose) [ECRS]

Session Chair: Joel Rudin, Rowan University

Female Directors And Corporation Diversification: Evidences From China

Zejiang Zhu, Anhui University

Weichu Xu, East Stroudsburg University

Chaolin Chen, Xiamen Institute of Accounting

More and more female directors are elected as the board member in Chinese public listed corporations. This common phenomenon has impact on different aspects of corporate behaviors. In this paper, we select a sample of public list Chinese companies from 2001 to 2010 to analyze how the female directors influence the corporation’s diversification behavior. The study found that: (1) female directors significantly reduce corporation diversification; (2) after we classify female directors into independent directors and non-independent directors, we found predominantly non-independent female directors significantly reduced corporation diversification; (3) the results of further analysis revealed that women in key positions of directors (including the chairman and chief executive office) have the most significant impact in reducing the diversified of corporation compared with other factors. This paper studies the female directors’ role in corporation’s diversification which help us to better understand how different types of directors have influences on corporation diversification.

Corporate Governance (cg) And Intellectual Capital (ic): Evidence From Nigerian Higher Institution

Abdulazeez Abioye Lawal, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.

Waidi Adeniyi Akingbade, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria.

Abiodun Thomas Awoyemi, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.

Nigerian higher institutions are facing a number of challenges that border on corporate governance (CG) culture. This paper explores CG practices and retention of intellectual capital (IC) in a Nigerian higher institution. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods was employed. Content analysis of operational documents such as the enabling laws and policies of Lagos State Polytechnic, Lagos, Nigeria revealed the adoption of a number of CG practices, hence, there is the presumption that the relative peace and stability of IC in the institution are attributed to good CG practices. To empirically address this preposition, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to some academic staff. Data generated were analysed by means of descriptive statistics.Findings confirmed sound CG practices and IC attraction of the Polytechnic. Hence, adoption of CG culture is recommended for Nigerian higher institutions. However, the need to improve on internal control and reporting system is also suggested.

Leader Member Exchange (LaSalle) [OB]

Antecedents And Outcomes Of Leader-member Exchange (lmx): Competing Models

Or Shkoler, Netanya Academic College

Aharon Tziner, Netanya Academic College

Mariana Lebron, Towson University

The current research (Figure 1) examined the role of leader-member exchange (LMX) as a potential mediator between individual differences (of the worker) and job-related (and personal-related) outcomes. In addition, gender differences were investigated as well via multi-group moderation SEM. We conducted three studies (N1 = 245, N2 = 243, N3 = 350) in order to test the overall model and employed moderated-mediation analyses. The findings showed very interesting relationships, especially with regards to the differences between women and men. Important notions, recommendations and implications are discussed.

Are Basic Human Values Associated With Perceptions Of Leader-member Exchange?

Anu Vanska, University of Oulu Graduate School

This study looks at employees’ values, and the ways these appear in their LMX perceptions by applying the framework of basic human values of Schwartz in the context of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory. Based on a literature review, specific hypotheses were developed and tested in a quantitative survey in a Finnish public sector organization. The current study provides further evidence on the role of values in an individual’s attitudes and behavior on workplace, and specifically in the development of leader-follower relationships. The findings indicate that the theoretical discussion can benefit from turning attention to a more broad analysis of general life values – LMX relationships. Thus, this study extends work on superior–subordinate dyads and reveals potential new significant linkages between LMX and its antecedents. Further, these findings can help to improve practitioners´ knowledge of how to effectively lead and manage individual differences in organizations.

Explaining The Relationships Between Leader-member Exchange, Team-member Exchange And Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Role Of Work Engagement And Emotional Exhaustion

Mariana Lebron, Towson University

Filiz Tabak, Towson University

Or Shkoler, Netanya Academic College

Edna Rabenu, Netanya Academic College

In this paper, we develop and empirically test a model of antecedents of interpersonal and organizational counterproductive work behavior (CWB) specifying work engagement and emotional exhaustion as mediators of the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and CWB, and between and team-member exchange (TMX) and CWB. Findings provide support for a positive association between LMX and TMX and for a negative association between work engagement and emotional exhaustion. Findings further show that the relationship between LMX and organizational CWB is partially mediated by emotional exhaustion, while the relationship between TMX and interpersonal CWB is partially mediated by work engagement. We discuss our findings and implications for research and practice.

1:30pm - 4:45pm

Structural Equation Modeling Workshop (North Rose) [PDW]

1:45pm - 3:15pm

Developmental Cases (South Rose) [CASE]

Should Justin’s Sink Its Teeth In Sustainable Packaging?

Heidi Bertels, CUNY College of Staten Island

Justin’s was an American brand of natural and organic nut butters and peanut butter cups founded in 2004 by Justin Gold. Justin’s mission was to “provide delicious, high-quality fuel to everyone, whether they can afford it or not.” The company was committed to “pay it forward” by supporting initiatives related to micro-financing and promoting awareness of severe hunger issues. Justin’s was also deeply committed to sustainability by sourcing high-quality, local ingredients, simplifying the supply chain, and initiating environmentally-friendly office practices. However, its squeeze packs were non-renewable and landfill waste. In 2010, Justin’s hosted the first-ever Sustainable Squeeze Pack Summit by bringing together retailers, manufacturers, packaging experts and industry thought leaders to discuss the state of the industry and how to collectively make progress in this space. How deeply should Justin’s commit to testing different materials to develop a sustainable squeeze pack? Should Justin’s consider diversifying in manufacturing sustainable packaging?

The Case Of Barry Murphy And Mvr Publishing

Robert McGrath, Lesley University

This case study explores the organizational issues associated with employee selection, on-boarding, culture, conflict, power, and perception and attribution. The piece examines the four weeks of the protagonist's employment before being let go. The case is helpful to professors and students as a learning instrument in the area of Organizational Behavior and Organizational culture. Nine discussion questions proceed the case and can be used for classroom discussion or for reflective written responses.

Developing Launch Marketing Campaigns For An Entrepreneurial Venture: Crowdfunding, Online Publicity, And Social Ads

Heidi Bertels, CUNY College of Staten Island

Dan Zhang, CUNY College of Staten Island

Lammily was a successful startup company in the fashion doll industry founded in 2014 by Nickolay Lamm. Lammily produced realistically proportioned fashion dolls and accessories that reflected real life. The company’s products promoted positive body image and reinforced diversity and acceptance. Lammily currently manufactured three average-sized dolls, a wheelchair for fashion dolls, and several accessories. These products had been marketed at launch using a mix of crowdfunding, online publicity, and email marketing. Nickolay had a few ideas for what products to develop next that could bring more realism into children’s’ play including, but not limited to, clothing outfits inspired by important women in history, figurines of shelter pets, and a sticker set with marks to turn Lammily dolls in dolls representing seniors. What launch marketing campaign should he develop for these new product ideas?

Motivating Your Work-alone Employees

Glen Chen, ASSA ABLOY Entrance System (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd

Eko Liao, Hang Seng Management College

Louie Lv, Shanghai Unviersity

Amy Wang, Hang Seng Management College

XNT, a large-size Chinese company often sends employees to their construction location to manage and oversee the project process for a period of several months. However, motivating these employees has becoming extremely challenging because the construction location is often in poor environmental locations with rather low work and living situations. This case discusses one such situation from which one employee who was sent to a rural area in China found himself far-less prepared for everything he is facing. Solutions are raised to solve these situations and keep employees motivated.

Recognition And Leveraging Strength Increase Job Satisfaction

Louie Lv, Shanghai University

Eko Liao, Hang Seng Management College

Rita Zhang, Shanghai University

July Li, Shanghai University

Amy Wang, Hang Seng Management College

Recognition from a manager can encourage positive behavior and help promote long-term top performance of employees. This case describe how Louie, a manager in the sourcing department, has faced and solved challenges in leveraging three employees' strengths in order to achieve the best team and leadership outcomes. The situation is reflective of academic research that shows helping employees develop an already strong capability into an extraordinary one has greater impact on performance results than trying to turn a weak competency into just an OK one.

Speaking Up Too Loudly? The Mailing List Email

Rita Zhang, Shanghai University

Eko Liao, Hang Seng Management College

Sally Zou, Shanghai University

Amy Wang, Hang Seng Management College

T Lubricants is a large manufacturing company with three manufacturing plants. Plant Z is the oldest plant and is responsible for more than half of the total production. The case describes one complaint email sending out to everyone in the company and people's reactions and solutions.

What’s Age Got To Do With It?

Sally Zou, Shanghai University

Amy Wang, Hang Seng Management College

Glen Chen, Shanghai Unviersity

Wing Tao, Shanghai Unviersity

Zhiyi Jiang, Shanghai Unviersity

Eko Liao, Hang Seng Management College

Sally, a young manager from a high-tech company, has been facing difficulties in managing a team with most people being older and having longer tenure than her. The case discusses how Sally has developed her leadership styles along the way in working with her team and finally made progress.

The Veteran And Security Research Consulting Inc.

John Bunch, Central Michigan Univ

The Veteran and Security Research Consulting Inc. focuses on transgender issues in recruiting and selection. In the case, a highly qualified candidate receives and accepts an offer for a desirable position in a research firm. The offer is rescinded after the hiring officer discovers she is transgender and about to begin sex reassignment procedures. Given the fact pattern of the case, students are asked to evaluate whether the company has legal liabilities and what course of action should be taken.

Impact: Making A Difference As A Business School Dean (LaSalle) [PDW]

Impact: Making A Difference As A Business School Dean

Madan Annavarjula, Bryant University

Sylvia Maxfield, Providence College

Maling Ebrahimpour, University of Rhode Island

Jeff Mello, Rhode Island College

This session will consist of a panel of four experienced deans who will share perspectives on their decisions to move into deanships, including career paths, mentoring and ongoing professional development. Both common and distinct experiences will be discussed, shared, and contrasted, including, but not limited to, being hired internally versus externally, gender and diversity, managing relationships and stakeholders, survival strategies and finding and maintaining balance (and sanity) amidst the challenges and opportunities associated with the job. Ample time will be provided for question and answers.

Individuals and Teams (Promenade) [Entrepreneurship]

Are Entrepreneurs Different

Raymond VanNess, University at Albany

Charles Seifert, Siena College

Janet Marler, University at Albany

William Wales, University at Albany

Mark Hughes, University at Albany

The literature suggests that entrepreneurs are progressive, dynamic, and vital to economies and yet much remains unknown about them as individuals. Recognizing salient differences among individuals pursuing entrepreneurial activity is a crucial step toward understanding what drives entrepreneurs and provides a clearer picture of what distinguishes them from resolute employees. This study centers on gaining new understanding of individuals who pursue entrepreneurial activities on a full-time basis This knowledge offers the potential of providing enduring benefits to communities, governing agencies, educators, commercial lenders, as well as the entrepreneurs themselves. Our research builds on prior work but differs in that it factors heterogeneity of entrepreneurs in regards to the intensity of their time commitment. A new model is developed and Push Pull Motivation Theory is employed to distinguish Proactive and Reactive entrepreneurs. Proactive entrepreneurs differed significantly from their nonentrepreneurial counterparts within four psychological characteristics: openness, work centrality, self-reliance, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

Gender Differences And New Venture Performance

Mayank Jaiswal, Rider University

I compare the performance of female owned ventures with male owned ventures utilizing the confidential Kauffman Firm Survey data. Prior results are mixed with most studies showing female owned ventures underperforming relative to male owned ventures, however newer studies with more extensive controls seem to find no difference in performance. I use regression analysis, and find that there is no performance gap between male and female owned ventures. I further investigate whether the heterogeneous characteristics of male vs female owned ventures are related with disparate effects on survival and performance. Utilizing decomposition analyses, I find support for the aforementioned, owner characteristics such as work experience in similar industry, average hours worked and venture level characteristics such as technology level and incorporation status of the venture are related with a differential impact on new venture survival and performance. These findings have implications for policy makers and entrepreneurs alike.

Institution & Control (Hartwell) [Strategy and Intl]

Session Chair: Huy (David) Tran, Albright College

Fraud Risk Management Over Financial Reporting: A Contingency Theory Perspective

Ebenezer Lamptey, Morgan State University

Robert Singh, Morgan State University

Over the two decades, fraud risk management has become an integral part of managing organizations. The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) stated that typical organizations lose about 5% of their revenue to fraud each year. We have examined the role that contingency variables play in fraud risk management. We considered environmental uncertainties, organization strategy, and organization size and note negative effects on fraud risk management. We propose that organization strategy may have a positive or negative effect on fraud risk management. Using a prospector vs. defender strategy as a framework for our discussion, we argue that the prospector strategy is more likely to reduce the incidence of fraud reported in the financial statements. Following our conceptual propositions development, we discuss academic and practical implications and offer limitations and future research directions. Keywords: Fraud risk management, contingency variables, internal control

How Technology Is Changing Accounting Processes: Institutional Theory And Legitimacy Theory Perspectives

Afua Agyekum, Morgan State University

Robert Singh, Morgan State University

Given the ubiquitous use of accounting systems in organizations and the rapid advancement of technology, this paper considers how technology impacts accounting functions in the organization. Specifically, the paper considers whether organizations that change their accounting practices and systems are considered as legitimate in the society? The paper suggests that accounting systems provide a mechanism for the institutionalization of the organization and legitimacy in the sight of the society. Moreover, the paper indicates that technology has enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of accounting systems in the organization. Through this, technology does not offer an alternative to accounting systems, rather, it gets institutionalized in the accounting field. Further, this paper concludes that changes in accounting systems in response to technology result in an increase in the role of accounting in providing legitimacy to the organization and as a mechanism of institutionalization. These increased roles lead to increased firm performance.

Intellectual Property Rights And Strategy: An Institutional Critique

Raza Mir, William Paterson University

Ali Mir, William Paterson University

Raja Nag, New York Institute of Technology

and the issues they raise for organizational theorists. We argue that the global regime of intellectual property rights (IPRs) now constitutes an “institution,” in its representation to the world as a “truth.” We uncover historical and theoretical ways in which such an institutional (and ideological) representation can be challenged. We argue that mainstream strategic management has become implicated in this institutionalization of IPRs, and offer a counter-theory.

Leadership in Context (Renaissance) [Leadership]

Addressing Challenges Of ‘bad’ Leadership: Lessons From Tmt Members

JoAnne Martinez, Pace University

Julia Eisenberg, Pace University

‘Bad’ leadership, often conceptualized as a negative or unethical approach to leading others, has been gaining increasing attention in the industry and in academic research. Top management team (TMT) members’ leadership approach often garners attention from a variety of stakeholders due to their power to influence employees across the organization. Given TMT members’ status, signifying their ability to address a variety of challenges, it is important to understand how they are affected by their encounters with negative and unethical leaders as well as how they react. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 executives who experienced negative or unethical leadership during their tenure on TMTs, getting a rare insight into their perceptions and behaviors. Our contribution is to analyze the effects of negative and unethical leadership on TMT members and to examine the mechanisms of TMT members’ strategic responses. We include a discussion of implications for scholars and practitioners.

Dean Leadership Traits And Faculty Job Satisfaction

Tammy Campbell, Eastern Arizona College

Literature suggests that increasing faculty job satisfaction may help the organization improve performance. The academic college dean’s leadership style correlates with faculty job satisfaction. This study purpose was to examine the relationship between perceived dean leadership behaviors and faculty job satisfaction. One hundred twenty-two faculty members from two public colleges evaluated their immediate academic deans’ transactional and transformational leadership behaviors and gave a self-rating of overall job satisfaction. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) was used to measure the leadership attributes while overall job satisfaction was measured using a multidimensional job satisfaction scale to establish quantifiable variables for statistical analysis. A multiple regression analysis supplemented the bivariate correlation analyses and showed that combined leadership attributes had a strong relationship with job satisfaction. This study may encourage the use of all transformational leadership traits and the transactional leadership trait, contingent rewards, to improve job satisfaction.

Meet the Editors: Management Teaching Review (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Meet The Editors: Publishing In Management Teaching Review

Melissa Fender, Rutgers University Camden

Joe Seltzer, LaSalle University (Emeritus)

Tracey Sigler, Northern Kentucky University

Lisa Stickney, University of Baltimore

Have you created an experiential exercise that you would like to publish? Want to have a conversation about the process of review for publication? Would you like to be a reviewer? Come and meet several Associate Editors of the Management Teaching Review for an informal discussion.

3:15pm - 3:30pm

Refreshment Break (Foyer)

3:30pm - 5:00pm

Compact Cases with Instructor's Manuals (South Rose) [CASE]

Managing The Complexities Of An It Upgrade

Anurag Jain, Salem State University

Zaiyong Tang, Salem State University

This case focus on developing long term working solutions to managing the complexities of change in an IT upgrade situation where several IT applications and systems are connected and a change to one of the systems can disrupt the business. Mike, the Sr. IT Manager is faced with the daunting task to finding such a long term approach while appeasing clients, seniors and subordinates.

Strategic Investment Vs Business Case: It Infrastructure For A Healthcare Group Purchasing Organization

Jeff Moretz, Fairfield University

This case explores the business decision regarding infrastructure to support a new standard for data presentation and new capabilities for client institutions. The case presents a situation in which a traditional business case for action is unlikely to justify what is, in effect, a strategic decision about the direction of the company. Students are given opportunities to explore how to approach such project justification.

Fanning The Firestorm: Addressing Stakeholder Outrage On Social Media

Kathryn Woods, Austin Peay State University

Eric Taylor, Franke Coffee Systems North America

This case explores the impact of stakeholder opinion expressed through social media on organizational decision-making by examining the social influence theory in addition to the nationally publicized coaching search conducted by the University of Tennessee’s football program in the fall of 2017. After a disappointing season, Coach Butch Jones was terminated toward the end of the 2017 – 2018 season. When the university offered the job to Ohio State’s defensive coordinator Greg Schiano, the fans quickly voiced their outrage concerning the candidate’s character. This social media firestorm quickly received national media attention, leaving the administration wondering how much weight public opinion should carry in their hiring decision.

I Can’t Believe Alex Posted That! Team Dynamics In An Online Environment

Caroline D'Abate, Skidmore College

Sara Pion, Drift

Lena Drinkard, Skidmore College

Set at an undergraduate college in the northern United States, this case follows the experiences of a team of students enrolled in an introductory business course. Tasked with developing a strategic plan for an actual firm in real time, the team presents itself as a relatively normal student project team – coping with issues of social loafing, goal incongruence, unshared norms, and questionable team cohesion during the semester. Even a faculty member who observed the team before their final presentation to a panel of business executives assesses them as “in pretty good shape”. However, it’s the screen shots of Tweets, texts, and group chats, as well as descriptions of their work on a shared document (e.g., Google docs), that show another story. The case ends with the business program’s director reaching out to a grad school colleague who specializes in group and team dynamics to understand what went wrong.

Development Of A Black Stem Solopreneur: Case A

John D. Varlaro, Johnson & Wales University

Ezenwayi C. Amaechi, Johnson & Wales University

Monroe’s ability to freelance, or ‘gig’ in software has led to his establishment of Glenmore, LLC. Along with his entrepreneurship in software, he has worked to provide training to others in both entrepreneurship and software, which led to his founding a non-profit, LTED. However, LTED has just been offered an exceptional opportunity, which may now tax Monroe’s time between both ventures. Monroe must decide if he can continue to split his time between both, or if he needs to be fully devoted to one or the other to ensure the success of either venture.

It's Only Money

Nicole Bérubé, Royal Military College of Canada

This short case describes a situation where two parties to an employment contract have different agendas and make assumptions about the employment deal, with unfortunate consequences.

On Track Or Off: Should This Afro-colombian Company Contract Or Expand?

Lina Lucumi Mosquera, Universidad de Valle

Monika Hudson, University of san Francisco

Two young Afro-Colombian entrepreneurs believe they can find a modicum of success in their country’s health and beauty industry with an infusion of capital from their local bank and the creation of a creditor relationship with a major supplier. But is their attention misdirected – should they be focused on other finance-related issues and not just strategizing about how to deal with their obvious cash flow concerns? Students are asked to place themselves in the position of the young entrepreneurs as they examine their options.

ELA Best Exercise Nominees: Negotiation Experiential Activities (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Stakeholders And Business Strategy: A Role-play Negotiation Exercise

Catherine Giapponi, Fairfield University

Jeffrey Moretz, Fairfield University

Consideration of the interests of stakeholders as well as the potential impact of stakeholders on company decisions provide critical insight into dimensions of strategic decision making that may be overlooked using traditional strategy frameworks. Using a case based on a manufacturing company’s deliberation of a decision to offshore the manufacturing of its core products, this exercise exposes students to a variety of stakeholder perspectives through a role-play negotiation exercise. Students adopt the roles of top management, labor/employees, local suppliers, customers, city manager/local community, environmental activists, and shareholders. The negotiation activity is designed to raise student awareness of the importance of stakeholder analysis in the strategic decision-making process.

A Hog Farm For S-burg? An Interactive Town Hall Negotiation Simulation And Teaching Plan

Jason Laubach, Shippensburg University

Cody Olson, Shippensburg University

Nathan Goates, Shippensburg University

This negotiating exercise simulates a municipal governance meeting where the sole item on the agenda is the question of the construction of two large “hog barns” on a piece of farm property not far from the municipal center. Negotiation roles include three township supervisors (think city councilmen), the property owner (the lessor), the hog-farming businessman (the lessee), and more than a dozen other roles ranging from concerned citizen to environmental activist to rival developer. The exercise is designed as an end-of-course activity in a negotiation course--an opportunity to see and practice the portfolio of skills developed throughout the semester. This document includes a teaching plan, 15 unique roles, and two additional generic roles for additional students.

Integrating Career Development into a Course Curriculum (Hartwell) [PDW]

Integrating Career Development Into A Course Curriculum

Emily (Porschitz) Benson, Keene State College

Kathleen Johnson, Keene State College

This PDW explores the extent to which professors have a responsibility for integrating career preparation into course curriculum. Employers have high expectations for entry-level employees, and career development centers can’t serve all students. Should professors help with career skills such as developing career focus, resume preparation and interview practice? If so, what are some effective ways of integrating this work into the curriculum. Participants will engage in these discussions and learn about a career focus activity that the authors have used effectively.

Intentions and Behaviors (Promenade) [Entrepreneurship]

Antecedents And Consequences Of Early Entrepreneurial Behaviors: Planning, Action, And Inaction

Eun-Jeong Ko, Fairleigh Dickinson University

Johan Wiklund, Syracuse University

Despite the extensive research on business planning, this research stream has not sufficiently considered what the alternatives to planning might be. Particularly in nascent firms, we suggest that taking other startup activities and being inactive should be discriminated as alternatives of planning because the two have different implications on performance, potentially blurring the performance implications of business planning. In this paper, we investigate the antecedents of the different entrepreneurial behaviors (i.e. early planning and early actions) and propose that people with advanced education tend to engage in early planning. On the other hand, entrepreneurs with more experiences are more likely to engage in early action but less likely to engage in early planning. We also argue for positive performance implications of early actions as well as early planning. Examining a panel of 343 nascent entrepreneurial firms over a period of six years, we find that our hypotheses are largely supported.

Effects Of Context On The Entrepreneurial Intent Of Female Students From The United Arab Emirates

Veselina Vracheva, North Central College

Ali Abu Rahma, North Central College Abu Dhabi University

Briseidy Andrade, North Central College

Paul Jacques, Rhode Island College

Entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic development, but for many reasons concerning the conditions in which entrepreneurial activity emerges, women are less likely than men to start-up a business. This study investigates the effects of contextual factors on the entrepreneurial intent of female students from the United Arab Emirates. We utilize aspects of the Theory of Planned Behavior to address this issue. We focus on social norm and behavioral control influences and find that prior and current family business exposure to entrepreneurship do not affect the entrepreneurial intent of female students from the UAE; however, the family affects entrepreneurial intent via the family norms. More exposure to business classes and the subjective norms from the university are not significant predictors of entrepreneurial intent in the present study. We also find that the perceived behavioral control is the strongest contextual predictor of entrepreneurial intent in the sample studied.

Intention To Leave Self-employment: A Comparison Of Business Owners And Independently Self-employed

Nicholas Beutell, Iona College

Jeffrey W. Alstete, Iona College

Joy A. Schneer, Rider University

Camille Hutt, Temple University

This paper examines individuals who want to leave self-employment to work a ‘regular’ job for someone else. We compare business owners and independently self-employed that intend to leave self-employment (Leavers) with those who desire to remain self-employed (Stayers). The analyses used data from a national probability sample (n = 738 self-employed), the 2008 National Study of the Changing Workforce. Work, health, work-family, and satisfaction variables differed for four groups (Owner Stayers, Independent Stayers, Owner Leavers, and Independent Leavers) controlling for demographic and personal variables. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Student Engagement (or not) Through Technology (Renaissance) [MED]

Session Chair: Pauline Stamp, Hartwick College

Antecedents To Trustworthiness, Satisfaction, And Potency In Ad Hoc Face-to-face And Computer-mediated Teams

Paul H. Jacques, Rhode Island College

John Garger, The Science Survival Academy

Leslie P. Filippelli-DiManna, Rhode Island College

The purpose of this paper was to test a model linking individual perceptions of mood, trust, satisfaction, and potency in face-to-face and virtual reality teams. Results indicate that the model is valid in both conditions but that perceptions of each construct were higher in the face-to-face condition. Mood was found to significantly correlate with perceptions of benevolence, integrity and ability in the virtual reality team condition only. The implications of this research includes an understanding that trust in teams operate similarly in both types of student teams even though perceptions are lower in a leaner medium communication mode. Instructors should be aware that teams may need more support when operating virtually and may benefit from some face-to-face interactions before interacting in a virtual reality team.

Truth Or Consequences: A Fallout Of Group-hate

Pauline Stamp, Hartwick College

Theodore Peters, University of Baltimore

Andrew Goryckia, Hartwick College

Management students are indoctrinated into group project contexts early in their academic management careers, learning the “benefits” of group process, group communication, and group productivity. Many students, however, also learn they do not like group work and develop negative attitudes defined as Group-hate (Sorensen, 1981, p. 169). Recently, the authors observed such students coopting an electronic collaboration-facilitating platform. Students used Google Docs to collaborate but not to communicate. The “team” was unable to adapt when one member missed their presentation. Despite having the missing group member’s electronic materials, each individual was conversant only with his/her project material. To help prevent similar dysfunctions in future projects, the authors now discuss this communication-collaboration dichotomy in their introductory classes. The authors also recommend further exploration of document sharing behavior, with its positive and negative impacts on student learning outcomes, to help instructors convince all students, to fully communicate and to not just collaborate.

5:00pm - 6:00pm

All Conference Welcoming Reception (North Rose)

6:00pm - 8:00pm

CASE Networking/Meeting Sponsored by Emerald Group Publishing (South Rose) [CASE]

Fellows Dinner (by Invitation) (North Rose)

7:30pm - 9:30pm

ELA Social (Members Only) (Roger Williams)

9:00pm - 11:00pm

Conversation & Collegiality (Hilton Providence Bar)

Friday, May 4, 2018

7:30am - 8:30am

Continental Breakfast (Foyer)

The CASE Journal Editorial Board Meeting (Invitation Only) (South Rose) [CASE]

8:30am - 10:00am

EAM International Conference 2019 Croatia Preview (LaSalle) [PDW]

Eam International Preview

Joy Schneer

Come learn about EAM International.

Knowledge Management (Hartwell) [Strategy and Intl]

Human Capital Meta/mega-competency And Global Leadership

Eric Kessler, Pace University

Leadership is a perennially important activity insofar as leaders exert asymmetrical influence on organizational processes and outcomes. Whereas much has been written about the subject, exploration into higher-order integrative ‘meta’- or ‘mega’- competencies is emerging but underdeveloped both in terms of a) what these precise competencies are and b) how to synergistically incorporate and deploy them. In this paper we consider the intersection of leadership and global talent management (GTM) from an organizational wisdom (OW) based lens to address both of these aforementioned descriptive as well as prescriptive issues. Specifically it speaks to: 1) the nature and importance of modern leadership, 2) the supply and demand for wisdom across its foundational dimensions, 3) the conceptualization of global leadership wisdom as a meta/mega-competency or ‘talent’, 4) the intersection of global leadership wisdom talent with core HR practices, and 5) some key issues along with their potential implications for future research.

The Knowledge Based View Of The Firm: An Assessment

Raza Mir, William Paterson University

Mohammed Abdul Nayeem, ICFAI Business school

Babita Srivastava, WPU

The knowledge-based view of the firm has gained currency in organizational theory since the 1990s. In this paper, we evaluate it in a historical perspective, and suggest that the new theories of the firm as a receptacle of knowledge emerged in the context of the intensified knowledge communication within organizations in the early 1990s, and organizational practices that appropriated public property through the regime of intellectual property rights. We contend that organizational theory and practice are both in a state of dynamic mutual interaction, with theory often playing a lagging role. In other words, organizational actions precede, and are retroactively described (and legitimized) by theoretical developments. We subject knowledge-based theories of the firm to scrutiny, and conclude that they resort to simplistic definitions of knowledge. Using information from other social sciences, we identify facets of knowledge that need to be considered in order to make our theories more meaningful.

Knowledge Management Paradigms, Philosophical Assumptions: An Outlook On Future Research

Isabel Rechberg, The City University of New York- College of Staten Island

This study informs knowledge management (KM) research assessing the philosophical assumptions and paradigms that have formed around the discipline. Reviewing positivism, critical realism, interpretivism or constructivism, and pragmatism the researcher suggests to draw on constructivism to inform KM theory. Moreover it is suggested that a mixed methods approach is the most suitable to engage in research around KM so that a flexibility can be maintained that will allow for an open minded approach to detecting what KM is and how knowledge can be managed.

Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability (Promenade) [Entrepreneurship]

Session Chair: Veselina Vracheva, North Central College

A Nested Logics Analysis Of Clean Technology In Washington State

Meghan Kallman, UMASS Boston

Scott Frickel, Brown University

Using the rollout of smart meters, this paper introduces the concept of “nested” institutional logics to explain innovation in Washington state’s electrical power field. Marshalling data from fifty-two key informant interviews and extensive document analysis, we analyze the institutional processes that are producing new ideas and technologies, with particular attention to why and how public organizations so heavily shape innovation outcomes in this context. We argue that nested institutional logics create specific constraints and opportunities that condition the emergence of new organizational forms and behaviors; in our case, individual utilities interact within a state-wide logic of collaboration which, in turn, is shaped at the national level by ideas and networks that promote innovation as an aspect of governance and developmentalism. We discuss the implications of this study for research and policy.

Exploring The Determinants Of Performance For Social Entrepreneurship Organizations

Olugbenga Adeyinka, Morgan State University

Robert Singh, Morgan State University

Susan Baker, Morgan State University

ABSTRACT Much of social entrepreneurship literature has been focused on definitional debates about the social entrepreneur. Previous research has failed to provide an explanation for factors which affect the performance of social entrepreneurs. This paper highlights Cognitive moral development (CMD) as a variable which influences organizational structure. CMD explains how organizational structure develops. Organizations at low levels of moral development are characterized by tight controls, high emphasis on authority relationships, and centralized decision making (Reidenbach & Robin, 1991). In contrast, organizations at higher stages of moral development allow more employee freedom and discretion. The type of organizational structure that develops in turn influences the financial performance that social entrepreneurship organizations record and the social impact that they achieve. Key Words: cognitive moral development, organic structure, mechanistic structure, financial performance, social impact, social entrepreneurship organizations

Workplace Environment Experiential Activities (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Perspectives And Strategies In Confronting Workplace Harassment

Jeff Mello, Rhode Island College

Workplace harassment has taken center stage in both corporate America and politics in recent months. Many high-profile cases have been reported in the media with significant associated consequences for individual careers and organizational images. How best to address and prevent ongoing harassment is a real and ongoing concern in all industries and organizations. This exercise will allow individuals to better understand how they perceive harassment as well as develop impactful strategies for addressing workplace harassment.

Civil Obedience: A Multiple Session, In-class Exercise

Lisa Stickney, University of Baltimore

Theodore Peters, University of Baltimore

Melissa Fender, Rutgers University, Camden

It is fairly common to hear faculty complain about student behavior in the classroom (Hill, 2017). These complaints often use words like ‘rude’ and ‘unprofessional.’ Some faculty even put a statement of expected behavior on their syllabi. However, often the problems persist. In our session, we present a simple but effect method of gaining student acceptance of professional behavior in the classroom, and of the consequences for unprofessional behavior.

What’s Up With Pat Connors? A Role Play Exercise In Communication And Conflict Management

Filiz Tabak, Towson University

This paper describes the development and implementation of a role play exercise to help students understand conflict management and supportive communication at an applied level. The role play activity aims to bridge the gap between concepts and practice and to enhance students’ self-awareness of their own preferred conflict management and communication styles. I propose an interactive format for sharing the activity with the audience where session attendees will participate in the role play in three member groups (two players, one observer). Observers will provide feedback to the players and to the audience and the audience reaction will be evaluated through debriefing questions.

Workplace Uncertainty (Renaissance) [HRM]

Session Chair: CLAUDINE SCHWEBER, university of maryland university college

Uniting Man, Machine, And Work

Sjoerd Peters, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, TechYourFuture

Kristy McGovern, Saxion University of Applied Sciences

Nikita Simon, Saxion University of Applied Sciences

Stephan Corporaal, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, TechYourFuture

The fourth industrial revolution will rapidly and drastically change the content of work within the technical sector. This requires new competences from technical staff, which through research so far have only been described in very abstract ways. In the first study, we asked employers in the technical sector to indicate which competences they believe to be the most important for the technician of the future. In the second study we asked technicians to materialize these competences and explain what they require from employers to show these competences. The results show that employers are searching for technicians that are extraordinarily talented in expert knowledge, remarkably focused towards accuracy and take a proactive approach to their work. The technicians describe aspects of the competencies that are related to functioning in an ambiguous environment with ever changing priorities. Technicians therefore need a work environment and work content that constantly challenges them to learn.

Organizational Socialization And Demographic Imbalances: The Effects Of Cultural Dissimilarity

Louis Hickman, Purdue University

Mesut Akdere, Purdue University

Many STEM industries are white male-dominated. However, increased diversity can provide competitive advantage to organizations in these vital industries because they become more adaptive. Individuals are attracted to similar others, inhibiting efforts in organizations attempting to overcome demographic imbalances by increasing their diversity. Organizational socialization, the process by which newcomers gain the knowledge necessary to perform their roles, is problematic for diverse individuals entering homogeneous workgroups because insiders exhibit similarity-attraction tendencies. We identify and describe unrecognized mechanisms that inhibit the socialization of diverse individuals, namely, that diverse newcomers face increased levels of uncertainty and their speed of uncertainty reduction is slowed due to misinterpretations by insiders regarding newcomer proactivity. To help organizations better integrate diversity, we identify empathy and formal mentoring programs as moderators that mitigate the negative impact of dissimilarity on newcomer socialization. The theoretical model helps organizations socialize diverse individuals, which may help overcome the STEM talent shortage.

8:30am - 11:45am

Symposium: Compact Cases Hackathon (South Rose) [CASE]

Compact Cases In Three Parts

Rebecca Morris, Westfield State University

Gareth Bell, Emerlad Group Publishing

Writing compact cases can be challenging—how do case writers provide sufficient information to permit the analysis of an issue in only 1,000 words or less? Is it possible to write something that is still engaging in this compact form? The focus of this session is to provide tips and suggestions for successfully writing, teaching and publishing compact cases. Basic tenets of case writing will be covered while emphasizing the unique aspects of compact cases. This session will be open to all participants and those who attend will develop basic case writing skills while gaining tips for keeping the case short and tightly focused.

10:00am - 10:15am

Refreshment Break (Foyer)

10:15am - 11:45am

ECRS Montage (Williams) [ECRS]

Mapping Climate Justice

Julia Puaschunder, Columbia University, The New School Department of Economics, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis

Adding onto contemporary climate fund raising strategies ranging from emissions trading schemes (ETS) and carbon tax policies as well as financing climate justice through bonds as viable mitigation and adaptation strategies, climate justice is introduced to comprise of fairness between countries but also over generations in a unique and unprecedented tax-and-bonds climate change gains and losses distribution strategy. Climate change winning countries are advised to use taxation to raise revenues to offset the losses incurred by climate change. Climate change losers could raise revenues by issuing bonds that have to be paid back by taxing future generations.

Deinstitutionalizing A Dominant Logic: The Emotional Side Of Sensemaking And Sensegiving

Amanda Moss-Cowan, University of Rhode Island

Institutional theory has recently begun to explore the emotional side of agency, particularly in processes of deinstitutionalization. This paper brings a sensegiving and sensemaking perspective to these concepts, asserting that institutions comprise both cognitive and emotional content, and that sensegivers deploy institutional elements strategically to shape their targets’ emotional investment in change projects. Empirical data is used to theorize how the emotional components of institutional elements might be deployed as part of the actor’s toolkit. The context is a qualitative case study examining discourse around ‘sustainable seafood’ between industry actors and environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs). These findings extend existing theorization of how institutions and sensemaking interact to show first, that these effects exist on an emotional plane as well as a cognitive one, and second, that organizational actors do not merely encounter these catalysts, they deploy institutions strategically in their sensegiving efforts to bring about institutional change.

Environmental & Organizational Influences (LaSalle) [OB]

Faculty And Staff Perceptions Of Value: A Qualitative Approach To Identifying Institutional Influences

Celia Cameron, Cabrini University

Current higher education research explores everything from learning outcomes and classroom technology to shared governance and administrative/faculty dynamics. There is little, if any, research about organization-based self esteem (OBSE) within this industry and how to leverage its benefits to improve faculty and staff retention and engagement. This qualitative study presents a theoretical model of OBSE institutional factors developed from semi-structured interviews at a small, liberal arts university. Using the Gioia coding method, three key factors influencing OBSE were identified: position ignorance, recognition source, and intergroup relationships. Though OBSE research establishes recognition source as a known variable of perceived value, this paper proposes two new impact sources of position ignorance and intergroup relationships. By finding ways to improve employee OBSE, higher education institutions can create a more engaged population with improved culture.

The Impact Of Strengths On Work Engagement: The Make Rhode Island Stronger Initiative

Kathi Lovelace, Menlo College

Kevin Lo, University of San Francisco

Kevin Cooper, Leadership Rhode Island

Jane Parent, Merrimack College

We analyzes the Make Rhode Island Stronger initiative, which involves the efforts of Leadership Rhode Island and thousands of Rhode Islanders to transform individuals, communities, and companies through adopting a strengths-based philosophy and building on the states’ strengths. The impetus for this initiative was Gallup data showing that Rhode Islands’ percentage of actively disengaged employees was the highest in the nation and the state ranked sixth lowest on actively engaged employees. We report on outcomes of the initiative, which include significant changes in workplace engagement. We provide an example of a state-wide initiative that positively shifts work engagement through the practice of recognizing one’s own strengths and the strengths of others. We also add value to our understanding of how strengths-based leadership can be appreciated at all levels of the organization and to show that positive psychology and a positive, strengths-based approach in the workplace benefits individuals and organizations.

Leadership and Management Education in the 21st Century (Renaissance) [MED]

Session Chair: Lisa Stickney, University of Baltimore

An Empirical Analysis Of Student Learning In A Capstone Business Simulation

Jeffrey Alstete, Iona College

Nicholas Beutell, Iona College

This study examined student outcomes based on participation in an undergraduate collegiate capstone business strategy and policy course. Variables included external learning assurance measures, internal simulation performance, gender, academic major, course grade, and cumulative grade point average. Learning assurance scores strongly predicted simulation performance. Simulation performance predicted capstone course grade, which, in turn, was significantly related to GPA. Significant differences for gender and degree major were found for performance measures.

Transforming Graduate Education: Developing Leaders For The 21st Century

Kenneth Rhee, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse

Tracey Sigler, Northern Kentucky University

What would a graduate program look like if it’s purpose was to create leaders? How and what would we teach? How and what would students learn? How would students work together? What would be the role of the faculty? This paper describes the creation and delivery of a graduate program that develops students as transformation leaders. Alumni of the program share the impact the program has had on their lives.

Meet the Journal Editors Panel Discussion (Hartwell) [PDW]

New Wine in New Bottles: Why Should Behavioral Economists Have All the Fun? (Promenade) [PDW]

New Wine In New Bottles: Why Should Behavioral Economists Have All The Fun?

David Fearon, Central Connecticut State University

Steven Meisel, LaSalle University

Dilip Mirchandani, Rowan University

Joan Weiner, Drexel University

Economic, social, and technological disruptions and discontinuities continue to unfold at a rapid pace and the search for appropriate responses, especially with respect to education in general and higher education in particular, is becoming increasingly urgent. Management education has attempted to reinterpret theory in these changing contexts. However, it is necessary to examine which theoretical strands, if any, remain relevant in the foreseeable future and how these might be recast for effective communication and ongoing engagement in processes of adaptive assimilation. The workshop invites management educators to wrestle with these and related meta-issues. Join us in exploring the following three big questions: 1. Why are the management and organizational behavior theories not keeping pace with new ways of organizing and working? 2. How do we overcome resistance from others and ourselves to the new ideas that are actually informing work at this moment? 3. What are some completely new ways of thinking about organizational behavior and management that are not in even the best of text books and journals?

Supply Chain and Product Development Activities (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Introduction To Global Supply Chains: A Mapping Exercise

Laura D'Antonio, George Mason University

Understanding where and how things are made is often an eye-opening experience for undergraduates. In a freshman course entitled Business and Society, students participate in an experiential learning activity to better understand global supply chains and their potential challenges. This exercise introduces the idea of global supply chains in a visual way by plotting the supply chain of a simple product on a world map. Though a seemingly simple exercise, it slows down learning and allows for more fundamental understanding of the topic. The learning activity provides a basis for a broader discussion about ethics and social responsibility in supply chains. It also integrates basic ideas of globalization and its challenges. The exercise was adapted from a National Geographic teaching and learning project. Pedagogically, this is a low stakes, in-class exercise that supports a more complex graded assessment and sets the stage for a deeper discussion of suppliers as stakeholders.

Building Product And Service Lines

Christina Tupper, North Carolina A&T State University

A sustainable business is not built around a singular product or service but rather a comprehensive idea. An integral part of building a sustainable business is developing cohesive product and service lines. This paper introduces an in-class exercise where students “build” a product or service line, with the help of Legos, in order to further develop their future-oriented decision making.

11:45am - 1:00pm

Networking Lunch (All Conference) (North Rose)

1:00pm - 2:30pm

Cases with Instructor's Manuals (South Rose) [CASE]

To Do Or Not To Do: Stratasys Considers Hp’s Partnership Offer

Robert Gallagher, University of St. THomas (Minnesota)

Rosemond Desir, Florida Atlantic University

Lumina Albert, Colorado State University

Scott Crump, inventor of the 3D printing technology and founder of Stratasys, considers a partnership offer from HP. Crump has fostered a culture of innovation and employee empowerment within the company. As a result, the company has thrived and has attained a top-notch position as a benchmark brand in the industry. However, a lack of product awareness for the benefits of 3D printing seems to prevent not only Stratasys but also the industry from growing to its full potential. HP’s size and reputation could help Stratasys not only to capture more market share, but also develop more visibility for the 3-D printing industry, Crump’s lifelong dream. Conversely, declining the HP offer could result in HP collaborating with a competitor or developing its own product. Torn between the advantages and risks presented by the HP partnership proposal, Crump must decide whether to accept or reject the proposal.

The Trials And Tribulations Of Mph Inc.

Mayank Jaiswal, Rider University

Robert Maxwell, MPH Inc.

Robert Maxwell is the founder owner of MPH Inc., a sub contract manufacturer. He is 67 years old, and the business has taken a turn for the worse over the past couple of years. Losses are mounting since clients have started moving business off shore to Chinese SCMs, who have much lower costs than the US SCMs (including MPH). In light of these developments, Robert is at a crucial juncture, he has to decide whether to keep the business running, close it down, merge/be acquired by a competitor, innovate on the business model or do something else.

When A No Is Not A No: Acquisition Of Time Warner Cable

Radharao Chaganti, Rider University

Mayank Jaiswal, Rider University

Rajeshwararao Chaganti, Temple University

Time Warner Cable [TWC] turned to Comcast as the white knight in 2014 and invited the company to make a friendly acquisition offer after TWC rejected multiple bids from the smaller cable TV company Charter Communications. Comcast obliged, but the merger proposal was rejected by federal authorities due to regulatory issues in 2015. Players in the broadcast and cable TV industry have been attempting mergers and acquisitions during the past few years for diverse reasons, e.g., to consolidate for scale, to access and leverage new technologies, and also importantly, to influence future industry shifts. This case focuses on attempts by Charter and Comcast to acquire TWC. In 2015 after termination of the Comcast-TWC deal, the ball was in Charter’s court, Charter had a few options to choose from: raise its earlier bid, or match Comcast’s bid, or bid lower than Comcast, or maybe, make no bid at all.

The Growth Challenge: Adjusting The Marketing Communications Mix To Scale A Startup

Heidi Bertels, CUNY College of Staten Island

Lammily is a fashion doll startup in its third year of existence which produces realistically proportioned fashion dolls. The company was launched in 2014 by Nickolay Lamm using crowdfunding. As his company offerings grew, Nickolay experimented with best practice marketing approaches for the fashion doll industry such as trade shows and a TV commercial. However, these techniques failed to lead to significant new customer growth. In the meanwhile, he watched how Mattel changed its marketing approach for Barbie to also target Lammily’s niche market of millennial parents. Mattel launched the “You Can Be Anything” campaign and introduced Barbie dolls featuring multiple body shapes, skin tones, and hair dos. Why was industry best practice not working for Lammily? What should Lammily’s marketing communications mix look like in order to reach new customers more effectively and how could he do so with a budget much smaller than his established competitors?

The Aacsb Self Study Process

Devi Akella, Albany State University, GA

This case study revolves around a business college interested in seeking AACSB accreditation in the future. The Dean of the college invites an accreditation specialist for a period of 45 days. The accreditation specialist initiates an internal self-study process. The self-study process generates data pertaining to mission and strategic plan of the college, qualifications of faculty and staff, tenure and promotion policies, teaching loads and pedagogies used by the faculty, advisement policies and other additional information. The accreditation specialist now needs to determine where the college stands on the fifteen standards of AACSB.

The Influence Of Emotional Intelligence And Organizational Climate On Decision Making At Techco

Tonya Gander Ensign, emagine, llc

Camelia Fawzy, University of Maryland, University College

This case describes a business situation at TechCo, a global, growth-stage company in the energy sector. It provides a foundation for rich discussion of potential topics such as organizational behavior, leadership, strategy, international business, culture and others. In the case, TechCo’s executive team faces a series of challenging decisions related to their flagship product, the Model 4500. The Model 4500 was invented by the company, and because it is a new-to-the-world, disruptive technology, TechCo’s engineers are continually learning about the performance of the product through field testing and data collection at customer sites. Just when a big sale allows a foothold in the Central American market, new test data reveals the product may not perform as specified and the executive team must decide how to proceed. The accompanying instructor manual and literature review focus on the influence of emotional intelligence and organizational climate on decision making at TechCo.

Building And Leading A Cultural Enterprise. Martin Guitar And C. F. Martin Iv In 2018

Roland Kushner, Muhlenberg College

Samuel Thompson, Muhlenberg College

Martin Guitar -- more formally, C. F. Martin & Co., Inc. -- is a globally-known manufacturer of guitars and guitar strings, located in Nazareth, Pennsylvania, a small town in the Lehigh Valley of Eastern Pennsylvania. In 2016, Martin Guitar had $124 million in revenue, 1,110 employees in Nazareth and Mexico, a highly regarded brand name, and a profound influence on American and global music dating back to the mid-19th century. Since 1986, Martin Guitar has been led by sixth-generation C. F. Martin IV (Chris). The musical instrument marketplace is always evolving as tastes and technologies bubble up. Manufacturing technology has had to adapt. Old competitors have fallen, and new ones have emerged. With assistance from his customers, his Board, and the Martin Guitar labor force, Chris faces the latest examples of a continuing series of challenges that he has navigated.

Pacific Market: Invest, Sell, Or Stay The Same?

Julia M. Delves, Sonoma State University

Adele Santana, Sonoma State University

Armand Gilinsky Jr., Sonoma State University

Based in Sonoma County, California, Pacific Market was acquired from its founders in 2014, at which time it was a floundering upscale regional supermarket chain. Using skills acquired from turning around failing tech startups, new owner Vasu Narayanan was able to stabilize Pacific Markets and somewhat stanch negative cash flows. Vasu pondered whether to try to sell Pacific Market to another local chain, hire a fresh management team to return the firm to a growth trajectory, or create a path to eventual employee ownership. In any event, a consultant to Vasu insisted that major investments were necessary to grow store volumes by 50 percent from 2018-2021. The case includes data on the U.S. grocery industry and local competition, and regional demographic forecasts through 2022. The case can be used as a graduate level group project in Strategic Management.

Can Uber Sustain Its Competitive Advantage In The U.s. Dynamic Environment?

Huy Tran, Albright College

Megan O'Brien, Albright College

Corporate Governance and Strategic Choices (Hartwell) [Strategy and Intl]

Ideological Leanings And Entry Mode Strategy: An Organizational Political Ideology View

Randika Eramudugoda Gamage, The University of Texas at El Paso

The study of underlying mechanisms leading to entry mode decisions made by organizations is a popular stream of research among strategy scholars. However, higher order constructs such as organizational ideology have been largely ignored in favor of a focus on singular organizational entities and factors. In this paper, we attempt to highlight the importance of ideological leanings, resulting from the collective ideological output of employees, in an organizational setting. We aim to accomplish this by utilizing organizational political ideology construct and how it can potentially influence a firm’s strategic decision making in way of entry mode choices. We propose that organizational political ideologies can manifest in entry mode decision making, where conservative leaning organizations will favor low-control entry modes. In addition, we also explore the moderating roles of CEO tenure and the governance quality, in influencing ideology related outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications of these arguments are also discussed.

Board-performance Linkage Revisited: A Relational Pluralistic Perspective

Zhu Zhu, Montclair State University

This paper seeks to shed light on current corporate governance research by paying nuanced attention to latent board characteristics and obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of the board-performance relationship. I adapt and develop a relational pluralistic view of the board to tactfully incorporate important latent board characteristics, while at the same time, builds upon existing dominating theoretical frameworks such as agency theory, resource dependence theory, and upper echelons theory. Using a more inclusive perspective via a relational lens also provides a much needed response to address the lack of consensus about the relationship between key board characteristics and firm performance. The propositions in this study have potential significance to the literature on board and performance linkage, and could steer future research towards a more interdisciplinary approach to include important theories that were overlooked.

The Roles Of Ceo Work Experience And Franchising System In Organizational Adaptation

Jaeyoung Kang, Iona College

This study aims to improve our understanding of the roles of CEO work experience and the franchising system for successful organizational adaptation. This paper argues that that CEOs’ organizational tenure before and after their CEO appointment can influence their ability to formulate effective strategies to adapt their organizations to rapidly changing environments. The research also posits that chains can use the franchising system as a mechanism that facilitates the chain-level adaptation to an environment by implementing suggestions from franchisees. The results of this study show that CEOs’ prior experience in the focal firm before their appointment has a positive effect on chain performance, but CEO tenure after their appointment does not influence chain performance. The results also indicate that CEOs’ tenure before and after their CEO appointment have positive interaction effects with the adoption of the franchising system on the chain performance. The implications of these findings were discussed.

Corporate Governance and Strategic Choices (Hartwell) [Strategy and Intl]

Session Chair: Jonathan Sales, Bentley University

Idea Incubator Session 1 (Promenade) [Idea]

Mental Toughness In Leadership: Empirical Evidence And A New Conceptual Framework

Matthew Jarman, Virginia Military Institute

Is a person's tolerance for physical pain predictive of their leadership style? Yes. I will present a new theoretical model and empirical evidence for why habitual responses to unpleasant stimuli (e.g., physical discomfort) in non-leadership contexts, coupled with mindfulness, are predictive of leadership in challenging situations. Cross-sectional data are presented from three semesters of mixed-major cadets at a military college. Self-reported pain tolerance in non-leadership situations are shown, using frequentist and Bayesian analyses, to be positively associated with a new scale measuring responses to challenging leadership situations. Validity data for this new scale will also be presented. The overarching conceptual discussion ties various literatures (mental toughness, self-regulation, mindfulness) to leadership and self-leadership, with implications for leadership development. Past empirical findings will be shared and I will be seeking feedback on future directions for this research to further develop its conceptual and empirical base.

Implications Of Social Class Differences In The Undergraduate Management Classroom

Miriam Plavin-Masterman, Worcester State University

Leslie Campbell, Southern New Hampshire University

Ample research exists addressing the implications of social class differences and its impact on a student’s college experience. However, research in management education rarely addresses social class. This paper reviews the results of quantitative surveys administered to management students at two Northeastern four-year institutions with large clusters of working-class students. The data and discussion highlight differences between the two groups, how they respond to certain learning approaches and the distractions they face due to living arrangements. Key findings include the students’ view towards their education – relational versus transactional – based on the institution they attend.

“mindfully Green”: Cultivating The Sustainability Mindset Through Contemplative And Art-based Practices

Charlie (Chulguen) Yang, Southern Connecticut State University

Controversial Issues And Other Fake News

Gerry Cleaves, Fairleigh Dickinson University

Improving Performance Outcomes For Students From Lower Socioeconomic Backgrounds: Does Classroom Engagement Impact Performance For These Students?

Pamela Derfus, St. Thomas Aquinas College

Income Inequality And Propensity To Trust: A Complex Relation

Konrad Jamro, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth

The Time's Up Movement: How Do We Measure A Positive Impact In The Workplace?

Minnette Bumpus, Bowie State University

Debra Salsi, Springfield College, Wilmington Campus

Pestel Live: Using The Stategic News Watchboard To Build Strategic Awareness

Richard Linowes, American University

This session introduces a teaching method that enables students to get up to speed on current events and market developments and then practice integrating that awareness into discussions of strategy. Mimicking the morning briefing of executive suites, this classroom news reporting routine bids students to post on the board world and market news at the start of each class in organized rotation. The resulting display becomes the template for the day’s discussion, considering news stories, market movements and business initiatives of strategic import. Students watch PESTEL forces at work and practice thinking how firms adjust to unfolding world events. Requiring just 20 minutes at the start of each class, students see opportunities and constraints emerge from external forces and get practice seeing the context where strategic decisions are made.

Leadership and Followership Experiential Activities (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Exploring Implicit Followership Theories: An Experiential Exercise

Melanie Robinson, HEC Montréal

Perception is an important topic incorporated into many courses focused on organizational behavior. Among the many concepts that may be covered within this theme are cognitive schemas, which may be described as mental models, or knowledge structures, that we develop of how things are (e.g., Fiske & Linville, 1980). To help students learn about this topic, I present an experiential exercise in which participants engage in an activity centered on implicit followership theories, which reflect “individuals’ personal assumptions about the traits and behaviors that characterize followers” (Sy, 2010, p. 73). In the exercise, participants are asked to complete a questionnaire, in which they rate a series of items – drawn from the literature on follower prototypes (e.g., Sy, 2010) and role perceptions (e.g., Carsten et al., 2010) – with respect to the degree to which they feel each item reflects a follower. A group reflection and plenary discussion follow.

Favorite Experiential Learning Activity: The Music Of Leadership

Michael London, Muhlenberg College

The best Leaders find creative ways of sensing the character and flow of their followers, making subtle interventions that build community and call people to action. Music is a useful metaphor for leaders as they can view complex phenomena as musical attributes such as melody, harmony, dynamics, tempo, and rhythm. In this experiential activity I will engage participants as an improv orchestra, and explore bringing out the available talent and evening the playing field so that all can meaningfully participate. We'll also see the impact of adding a "conductor" and how interventions make for effective leadership in meeting the needs of players and audience. Note to participants: please bring something that makes a pleasing sound to the session.

The New Leadership Construct: What Happens When A Flat Organization Builds A Tall Tower?

Meisel Steven, La Salle University

David Fearon, Central Connecticut State University

When the Block Tower Building activity surfaced some forty years ago, it was to designed to illustrate the managerial skill of directing subordinates in exactly how to "stack up" the results required by management. However, in today's more horizontal organizations, with a premium placed on non-hierarchical leadership of a diverse workforce, teams are expected to achieve "toweringly" higher results. This exercise is meant to reflect new organizational realities and presents a redesigned tower building exercise. The exercise examines the issue of who really leads in non-hierarchical, self-managed team settings. The design reflects new thinking about effective organizations and new ways of interpreting emergent organizational dynamics.

Positive and Negative Influences in OB (LaSalle) [OB]

How Traditional Gender Roles Hurt Both Women And Men: Negative Processes And Outcomes In Mixed Gender Negotiations

Zeynep G. Aytug, California State Polytechnic Univ. Pomona

Tuvana Rua, Sacred Heart University

Lianlian Lin, California State Polytechnic Univ. Pomona

Nirmal K. Sethia, California State Polytechnic Univ. Pomona

Hector R. Flores, California State Polytechnic Univ. Pomona

Responding to the call for an investigation on the traditional gender role orientation as a predictor of gender differences in negotiation (Mazei et al., 2015), we present two studies investigating the function of traditional gender role endorsement in negotiations. Based on the social role theory (Eagly, 1987) and role congruity theory (Eagly & Karau, 2002), we argue that, in mixed gender negotiations, endorsement of traditional gender roles will have an association with the subjective negotiation outcomes (hurting both genders) and economic outcomes (hurting women). Based on the gender role conflict theory (O’Neil et al.,1995), we argue that the dyadic relationship conflict will mediate both of these relationships. We present empirical support for these arguments and discuss the theoretical and practical implications for both genders.

Exploring The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, Ocb And Intention To Quit

Keerti Badkhane, Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Shivganesh Bhargava, Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Job satisfaction has been found to be positively related to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and negatively to intention to quit (ITQ). Evidences also suggest that job satisfaction enhances feelings of obligations, to which employees reciprocate through positive behaviors and intentions. The paper therefore, attempts to examine the mediating effect of employee engagement on relationship of job satisfaction with OCB and ITQ. Junior and middle level executives (N= 80) working in different private and public sector organizations and prospective managers (Master of Business Administration students) (N= 129) participated in the study. Analyses of data showed full mediating effect of engagement on relationship between job satisfaction and OCB, and no mediation effect on relationship between job satisfaction and ITQ. Findings made significant contribution to the literature and have been discussed with implications. Practitioners can increase OCB of satisfied employees by providing job and environment factors that have potential to increase employee engagement.

2:30pm - 2:45pm

Refreshment Break (Foyer)

2:45pm - 4:15pm

Examining OB Through OT (LaSalle) [OB]

Long-term Contracts And The Motivational Force Of A Noteworthy Award

long wang, City University of Hong Kong

Although agency theory predicts that a guaranteed, long-term contract lead to reduced effort and performance, psychological approaches to a contract suggest that guaranteed, generous compensation and a noteworthy award can still effectively motivate people because they need to maintain a positive self-image. We tested these contrasting predictions in two methodologically complementary studies. Study 1 analyzed archival data on contracts, salaries, awards, and individual performance in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The results supported agency theory: players generally exhibited performance declines in the year after signing a guaranteed, multi-year contract, but not in randomly selected non-contract years. In addition, however, both the receipt of a noteworthy award and salary were positively related to players’ post-contract performance, particularly scoring, with performance awards displaying a stronger positive effect on performance increases. Study 2 replicated the effect of awards in a controlled laboratory experiment that also identified self-motivation as the effect’s underlying mechanism.

Multiple Realities Of Meritocracy In Business Higher Education

Keshav Krishnamurty, University of Massachusetts Boston

Under a meritocratic system, elites are selected and socialized to believe that they have earned their status and associated rewards rightfully, through a combination of their knowledge and effort in a purportedly just system. As such, practices of ranking, judging, selecting and anointing individuals have become commonplace across the workplace and in education. I examine the case of business higher education in particular, and one particular instance of its internationalization in seeking to improve our understanding of meritocracy. I study how meritocracy acts and is acted upon by the various human, non-human and non-corporeal actors that support it. Using the concepts of multiplicity and ontological politics from Mol(1999), I seek to understand the multiple realities of meritocracy in business higher education. I aim to show how one ontology (state of reality) of meritocracy is codependent on and coexistent with with another ontology of meritocracy, effectively creating multiple levels of meritocracy.

Psychology and Environment (Promenade) [Entrepreneurship]

Session Chair: Pamela Adams, Seton Hall University

Psychological Ownership And Sensemaking In Non-equity Crowdfunding

Muharrem Huvaj, Suffolk University

Aron Darmody, Suffolk University

Robert Smith, Suffolk University

This qualitative study of crowdfunding backers gathered data from interviews with backers and online backer comments spanning over three years during and after the crowdfunding campaign for a virtual reality platform on Kickstarter. We show that backers can develop psychological ownership of a crowdfunded venture, despite the lack of an equity stake. The acquisition of the venture by Facebook after the successful completion of the crowdfunding campaign led to a public outcry that is indicative of a reversal of psychological ownership. We illustrate how sensemaking within the backer community can mitigate such negative reactions over time and help sustain the multifaceted nature of the crowd as a resource not only for funding, but also for sustained product development feedback and brand evangelism. Our findings highlight the need for further research on the enduring yet changing relationship between backers and the crowdfunded venture that transcends the crowdfunding campaign period and scope.

Entrepreneurial And Business Failure In Agribusiness: Evidence From An Emerging Economy

Henry Adobor, Quinnipiac University

Entrepreneurship and new business development hold considerable promise for economic development and upward mobility, especially in emerging economies. Understanding failure of new businesses and entrepreneurship would go a long way in avoiding failure and promoting the success of new business development in emerging economies. Using qualitative data from interviews, we identified reasons for the failure of a group of entrepreneurs associated with a novel agribusiness activity in an otherwise, economically attractive market. The results of our study show that the lack of a clear understanding of the production model, the tendency to copy from each other led to the creation of the joint agency that tied the collective fate of a group of entrepreneurs together. This sort of herd mentality and behavior led to a premature closure of experimentation and individual learning that may have improved the chances of success. We discuss the policy and research implications of the paper

Strategy Experiential Activities (Roger Williams) [ELA]

Development Of Student Management Teams Through Strategy

Noel Criscione-Naylor, Stockton University

Tara E. Marsh, Stockton University

Team development has become a competitive workplace strategy to propel organizations into the future. As a result, educators must strive to create real-life experiences inside the classroom to prepare students to actively engage and contribute to a team supporting organizational strategy. Although forming groups or teams in the classroom is a common practice, the authors have developed this into an innovative task by creating more ways to link the creation of Student Management Teams to critical workplace considerations such as culture, skills and values, and the strategic process. This exercise was created for use in an undergraduate capstone course in which students learn the process of strategy in the creation of their Student Management Team through the identification and evaluation of organizational assets, self-critique, and organization culture. This paper provides details to facilitate Student Management Teams through strategy with objectives, teaching notes, and debrief.

Using The Card Game San Juan To Teach Strategy Concepts: An Experiential Learning Activity

Miriam Plavin-Masterman, Worcester State University

Elizabeth Siler, Worcester State University

We used an existing, award-winning cooperative card game to help students in an undergraduate Strategy class learn about role selection and path dependence, important elements of competitive positioning. The card game San Juan focuses on the importance of dynamic competitive conditions, role selection, and path dependence as part of its gameplay. What a player does to win depends in part on what the other people playing do as well. We provide an explanation of the game, with particular emphasis on the importance of role selection and path dependence, along with suggestions for how to debrief it. The exercise provides an opportunity for students to understand implications of choosing to do one thing instead of another, based on what your competitors are (or are not) doing.

Studying & Teaching Leadership (Renaissance) [Leadership]

A Lexical Study Of Effective Followers In Two Languages

Melanie Robinson, HEC Montréal

Kathleen Boies, Concordia University

Using a lexical approach, we investigated prototypes of effective followers in the French and English languages. Sample of English-speaking (N = 623) and French-speaking (N = 514) participants rated a series of adjectives as per the degree to which each reflected an effective follower (for English-speaking respondents) or a subordonné efficace (effective subordinate, for French-speaking participants). The data were factor analyzed using principal components with varimax rotation. Two factors emerged from the French-language dataset – capturing being hard to get along with (labeled Intentional Incivility and Lack of Competence) and being easy to get along with (named Considerate Gentleness). Factors from the English-language dataset were termed Knowledge and Good Judgment and Serenity. While many of the dimensions bear similarity to the literature, several interesting differences emerged. Our research contributes to the growing literature on follower prototypes by suggesting that the dimensions underlying implicit followership theories can vary across languages.

The Leadership Challenge: ‘managing The Unexpected’

Claudine SchWeber, University of Maryland University College

In 2012 a warning: “[Events] in the global economy have proved that many of our leaders are ill-equipped to deal with and manage crises” . This warning was issued in the Financial Times by Professor David DeCremer of Cambridge University(De Cremer, 2012) referring to the business community’s poor reactions to the varied crises of the previous 5 years. So, how are we doing? Is DeCremer’s warning being heeded? The focus of this research is twofold:1) to identify the critical resilience and continuity areas that must be an integral and dominant part of a business culture and operations; 2) to examine whether business schools are integrating crisis management in some of their graduate coursework.

Facilitating Leadership Development Through Peer Coaching

Matthew Eriksen, Providence College

Sarah Collins, Providence College

Bailey Finocchio, Providence College

Julian Oakley, Providence College

We present a peer coaching process that facilitates students’ leadership development, as well as develops their ability to effectively coach others. Peer coaching was employed in an undergraduate and MBA Self-Leadership course. In these courses, students coached one another on their preparation for, engagement in and reflection upon developmental, experiential-learning opportunities that they participated in during the semester. Students received training on how to coach, materials to support their coaching, and developmental peer feedback. Student feedback on their experience supports that engaging in peer coaching facilitated their personal development and developed their abilities to more effectively coach others.

Symposium: Hackathon Meet Up and Debrief (South Rose) [CASE]

Work-Life Balance, Engagement, & Conflict (Hartwell) [HRM]

Session Chair: Tonya Gander Ensign, emagine, llc

Meaningfulness Of Work And Family In Working Parents As A Predictor Of Work Family Balance, Enrichment, And Conflict

Sydney Reeves, Montclair State University

Margaret Toich, Montclair State University

Quinn Knudsen, Montclair State University

Azucena Perez, Montclair State University

Alexandra Lawlor, Montclair State University

Jennifer Bragger, Montclair State University

Eugene Kutcher, Rider University

There are arguably great benefits when employees experience a sense of purpose or meaningfulness in their work. The current study examined whether felt meaningfulness of work predicts one’s tendency to manage work/life outcomes. Via survey methodology, 386 participants reported the sense of meaningfulness they derived from their work and from their family responsibilities. Analyses explored how individuals’ ratings of work and family meaningfulness, as well as the similarity of these perceptions with those of their spouses/partners, affect Work Family Conflict, Balance, and Enrichment. Results showed that meaningfulness of work and family significantly affected work family outcomes. Furthermore, bigger differences within the individual’s areas of meaningfulness predicted less balance and enrichment. Bigger differences between spouses with respect to perceptions of work meaningfulness predicted less enrichment while perceptions of family meaningfulness predicted more enrichment and less conflict. Additional detail about sub-factor dimension effects, as well as practical and theoretical implications, are provided.

Does Working At Home Adversely Impact Your Career? Toward Understanding Career Outcomes And Contextual Effects

Timothy Golden, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Kimberly Eddleston, Northeastern University

Although flexible work programs such as working from home continue to proliferate, research investigating the potential career consequences of these work modes is surprisingly limited. This study therefore integrates career theory with the work-at-home literature to investigate the effects of working from home on career success. Using a matched sample of employee data combined with corporate provided career outcomes, we first compare career outcomes of traditional and work-at-home employees, and then investigate among a group of work-at-home employees the relative effects of this work mode on career outcomes. Results indicate that compared to traditional workers, working from home has potential career consequences in terms of salary but that it does not affect promotions, and that the extent of working from home has a significant impact. Moreover, results show that the work context plays an influential role, indicating the need for more refined studies encompassing an even wider range of considerations.

Otherwise Engaged: The Effects Of Individual And Spouses’ Work And Family Engagement On Work Family Outcomes

Alexandra Lawlor, Montclair State University

Azucena Perez, Montclair State University

Quinn Knudsen, Montclair State University

Margaret Toich, Montclair State University

Sydney Reeves, Montclair State University

Eugene Kutcher, Rider University

Jennifer Bragger, Montclair State University

Employee Engagement is described as the amount of focused psychological, physical, and affective energy that an employee contributes at work. Although it is widely known to have positive outcomes for the individual and the organization, is it possible for there to be too much of a good thing? The current study investigates one of the primary determinants of work engagement (meaningfulness of work), and the role of each dimension of Engagement (dedication, vigor and absorption) in predicting Work Family outcomes. As new contributions to the body of research, we explore the differences within individuals in how their engagement in the work domain versus their engagement in the family/home domain influences work family outcomes, and how an individual's perceptions interact with his/her spouse's perceptions in influencing conflict and balance. Results show that meaningfulness predicts engagement, that absorption may have negative consequences, and that cross-spouse differences in engagement predicts work family conflict.

4:30pm - 6:00pm

Awards Ceremony (North Rose)

6:00pm - 7:00pm

Presidential Reception (Foyer)

7:45pm - 9:00pm

Getting Published in Case Journals (South Rose) [CASE]

7:45pm - 9:30pm

Mid-Career & Senior Faculty Consortium (Roger Williams) [PDW]

Mid-career And Senior Faculty Consortium

Dale Finn, University of New Haven

Joe Seltzer, La Salle University (Retired)

Sandra Morgan, University of Hartford (retired)

Joan Weiner, Drexel University

Shanthi Gopalakrishnan, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Abstract: The intent of the consortium is creating a space for open and frank conversation of special interest to EAM participants. After an opening about confidentiality, we will invite participants to choose a topic and join a conversation/community. We expect that there will be different issues: Mid-career faculty may want to talk about, “What do I want to do with the next 20 years of my career?” or “Do I want to try administration?” Senior faculty may talk about “How do I stay current in my field” or “When should I retire?” or “What will I do when I retire?”

9:00pm - 11:00pm

Conversation & Collegiality (Hilton Providence Bar)

Saturday, May 5, 2018

7:30am - 8:30am

Continental Breakfast (Foyer)

Track Chairs Breakfast (Invitation Only) (Hartwell)

8:30am - 9:45am

CSR & Sustainability (Renaissance) [ECRS]

Session Chair: Veselina Vracheva, North Central College

Do Acquiring Firms Maintain Targets’ Superior Csr And Remedy Targets’ Csr Problems?

gunae choi, manhattan college

Tae-Nyun Kim , The College of New Jersey

We study whether acquiring firms’ managers are likely to maintain (support) or dismiss the target’s superior CSR and whether they are likely to remedy or disregard the target’s CSR problems in the post-acquisition process. We hypothesize that acquirers pay selective attention to the targets’ CSR dimensions (community, diversity, employee, environment, and product) and they prefer to dismiss the target’s superior CSR in community, diversity, and employee dimensions, whereas they are likely to maintain (support) targets’ superior CSR in environment and product dimensions in favor of potential financial benefits. We also hypothesize that they are likely to disregard or overlook the targets’ CSR problems in all five CSR dimensions, which carry over to the combined firm in the post-acquisition integration process. Using a sample of 456 acquisition cases in the U.S. market in 1995-2010, we confirmed our hypotheses.

HR in a Global Environment (Roger Williams) [HRM]

Session Chair: Aimee Phelps, University of Rhode Island COB SLRC

Religious Manifestation Effects On Employers' Selections

SAID AL RIYAMI, SULTAN QABOOS UNIVERSITY

RAWIA AHMED , UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO

Although we know much about the selection of new candidates in the workplace and although interviewing is one of the most prominent selection tools worldwide, very little is known about candidates selection tools the in Muslim dominated countries like the Middle East. We are particularly interested in uncovering employers' preferences when hiring candidates of differing religions. In our exploratory study, we use evidence from Omani and Egyptian samples to find out whether candidates' religion has any effect on their selection for jobs in the Middle East. We are interested in seeking feedback primarily for our methodology inclusive of design, independent variable manipulation, and analysis techniques. Likewise, we would welcome inputs on theories we might have missed when developing "the causes" of certain preferences. Finally, we aim at discussing the theory behind our argument for our extended study, and listen to discussions in regards to how the theory is received.

Foreign Locals: Myth Or Reality

Farida Saleem, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus

Saqib Hayat, NUML

C Gopinath, Suffolk University

Multinational corporations depend predominantly on staff from the country where their international operations are, yet there is scarcity of international business literature which target towards these employees. The literature has referred them as “host-country nationals” (HCNs) this label gives them an individuality that is strongly related to the culture of their home country. Caprar (2011) identified these HCN’s as foreign locals. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of four cultural dimensions on employee’s perceived performance and innovativeness and how the foreign locals influence this impact as a moderator. Data were collected from Pakistani employees working in one Pakistani and one Norwegian Based MNE. SEM technique using MLE was used for data analysis. Results show that foreign localness moderate the proposed relationships. These relationships are less-stronger and/or insignificant for Pakistani employees working in Pakistani organizations and are significant and/or more-stronger for Pakistani employees working in Norwegian MNE.

Idea Incubator Session 2 (South Rose) [Idea]

Angel Investor Personality And Motivations In Entrepreneur Evaluation

Kevin Taylor, DePaul University

How does an investor's own personality impact his or her evaluation of an entrepreneur? Is there a potential "similarity effect" (e.g. Murnieks, Haynie, Wiltbank, & Harting, 2011) where angels unknowingly evaluate entrepreneurs higher if they share similar personality traits? And, does investor motivation moderate the impact of perceived personality on entrepreneur evaluations? It seems reasonable that perceived personality would influence hedonistic investors more than economic investors. However, the literature appears largely quiet on these questions. As a doctoral student, during the Idea Incubator session, I seek to refine my research question, theoretical model and hypotheses and garner feedback on possible research designs. I also hope to meet other researchers who might be interested in co-authoring this paper, given I have a large professional network I plan to access to collect data related to these questions.

The Halo Effect Generated By The Involuntary Turnover Of Predecessor Ceos And Its Effect On The Tenure Of Successor Ceos

Jonathan Sales, Bentley University

Jessica Magaldi, Pace University

This paper examines the interconnection between the involuntary terminations of CEOs, the inverse halo effect caused by this termination on successor CEOs, and the resulting truncated tenure of successor CEOs if the firm is under performing. Specifically, the study expects to find that a successor CEO is subject to a truncated tenure when following a predecessor subject to an involuntary turnover. The study further attributes this phenomenon to a reverse halo effect.

Improvising Institutional Change: How Ibm Accidently Changed The Computer Industry

Michael Lewis, Assumption College

This paper explores institutional change that occurs from incumbents within an organizational field. Research in Institutional change has primarily focused on a process whereby exogenous shocks create opportunities for institutional entrepreneurs to intentionally transform the institutional arrangements of an organizational field. Through a historical case study that examines the emergence of the personal computer, this paper identifies another path towards institutional change—an incumbent within an organizational field improvising its practices that inadvertently leads to institutional change. Different than institutional entrepreneurship which implies intentional action towards change, this study suggests that institutional change can also occur accidentally through improvisation.

Qualitative Research On A Case Study Of Uber

Sunyu Chai, University of Massachusetts Boston

As various social and economic forces have emerged, they have led to changes in how work is organized. For example, Uber as a platform business model, has reorganized social and labor relations in workplaces. Thus, there is a need to increase understanding on how to reflect this newly emerging employment context when researchers conduct an empirical research. In this paper, I explained how I conducted a pilot version of qualitative research by using participant observations and interviews in the Uber context. I explored what aspects of research methods in the Uber context can be different from the traditional qualitative research methods, and specifically focused on how traditional qualitative methods can be meaningfully applied in the case of the emerging Uber phenomenon.

Institutionalizing The Creation Of New Meaning From Nonsense: A Garbage Can Model Of Transformational Organizational Change

Heidi Bertels, CUNY College of Staten Island

Given the pace of environmental change, there is a need for organizations to disrupt their current practices by breaking existing organizational frames. In this paper, we connect institutional and sensemaking perspectives to propose a garbage can model of transformational organizational change. These perspectives have developed largely independent of each other and have rarely been juxtaposed. However, organizational actors have to make sense with institutions and therefore considering both perspectives at the same time is necessary to understand how organizations can succeed at transformational change. Organizations can fill their garbage can with more diversified problems, solutions, choice opportunities and decision makers by creating conditions for more sensebreaking, sensemaking, and sensegiving. By doing so, they can increase the likelihood for plausible problem-solution-choices matches that are different from the status quo. We develop propositions for how organizations may institutionalize conditions to provide more diversified problems, solutions, participants and choice opportunities.

Exploring Long Term Ventures In The Smart City Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

Bonnie Rohde, Albright College

Abstract Innovation and entrepreneurship are what cities produce, due to their diverse concentrations of talent, people and companies (Jacobs, 1961). Smart cities deploy innovative technology in pursuit of solving the problems of urbanization; yet, according to Sarma and Sunny, 2016, the innovations developed in the venture backed entrepreneurial ecosystems are not supporting long term ventures. This paradox suggests that smart city entrepreneurial ecosystems present particular challenges for building mature, job creating businesses needed to fund investments in urban modernization. Cities that invest in modernizing technologies need methods for sustaining the long term costs and maintenance. This study uses cluster analysis as a means for organizing smart cities based on their business development, entrepreneurial ecosystems, and location demographics to determine which smart cities are able to build long term ventures.

Eun-jeong Ko, Fairleigh Dickinson University

I examine how firms’ conforming behaviors to isomorphism and firms’ strategies for competitive advantages influence firms’ different performances measures (i.e. market and operational performance) in the firms’ formative stage. This study shows that coercive and normative isomorphism, and firms’ pricing strategy (i.e. lowering prices) have positive and significant impacts on firms’ market performance. However, mimetic isomorphism does not have any impacts on the measure. Interestingly firms’ product and innovation strategy has a negative impact on firms’ market performance. Also, none of measures has significant relationships with operational performance. These results suggest that firms’ behaviors of ‘being similar’ under isomorphic pressures and ‘being different’ for competitive advantages are more related with ‘market performance’ because those organizational behaviors make nascent organizations to be ‘legitimately distinctive’ to the eyes of customers and stakeholders but do not necessarily have any implications on internal operational efficiency of firms.

Riding The Waves Of Change: Expanding The Reach Of The Global Sports Industry

James W. Fairfield-Sonn, University of Hartford

This paper uses an Institutional Theory perspective to examine how the structure of the Global Sports Industry is evolving in light of industry responses to opportunities created from changes in several external contextual factors. Specifically, the focus here is on how industry leaders are finding creative ways to add value to their products and services by capitalizing on such things as developments in information technology, robotics, and life style interests. Given these emerging opportunities, five innovative strategies that address them are discussed with an eye toward better understanding their influence on competitive forces within the industry, in particular, and the fortunes and the future of the industry, in general.

Beyond Entrepreneurship: Recognizing The Entrepreneurial Arc

Pauline Assenza, Western CT State University

Data gathered since 2008 points to a slowdown in business creation, leading to a nation-wide “startup deficit”: we need sustainable economic growth, but, although opportunities are there, concrete and predictable positive results have been increasingly elusive. Whose responsibility is it to address this problem? Suggestions for how to proceed include paying attention to demographic trends, recognizing that education can improve the rate and quality of new business creation, and therefore job creation, but each local ecosystem may need a unique approach, so how should this education be prepared and delivered, and to whom? What is the role of traditional higher education in this regard? Increasingly, universities may need to reexamine or expand their focus, and acknowledge their need to lobby for a renewed perception of their usefulness, perhaps changing role they play in evolving entrepreneurial ecosystems. Not only universities, but all of us should pay attention to the entrepreneurial arc.

Idea Incubator Session 3 (North Rose) [Idea]

Analysis Of The Motivation Theories In Management Discipline: Learning, Motivation And Self-determination Theory

Mariann Benke, University of Pécs, Faculty of Business and Economics

The paper describes, compares and analyzes the most commonly used motivation theories in management and psychology sciences. It is a theoretical research about learning and motivation. Its main topic is learning, motivation and self-determination theory with focus on human motivation. In the first chapter there is a comparison of motivation theories including cognitive motivation, learning and human specific motivation. “Self-determination theory is a macro theory of human motivation that evolved from research on work organizations and other dominants of life.” (Deci, Olafsen, Ryan, 2017: 19) The relevancy of self-determination from the point of research is that it can be used to analyze the motivation of an individual, both in terms of learning or any other activities. Self-determination theory is based on the analysis of external and internal factors affecting the individual person.

Innovation Strategy

Mariann Benke, University of Pécs, Faculty of Business and Economics

Roland Schmuck, University of Pécs, Faculty of Business and Economics

The paper focuses on examining the importance of company strategies, production and innovation systems and their connections to each other. The structure of this paper is based on the article of Gary Pisano (2015) titled “You Need an Innovation Strategy”, which draws attention to the importance of innovation strategy. Firstly, strategy and operations strategy and their connection to company innovation processes is described briefly, then the mainstream opinion of the topic is presented. The paper explains the factors and methods that companies have to take into consideration in their operations strategies and innovation processes.

Negotiating For The Minimum Or The Maximum

PATRIZIA PORRINI, Long Island University-Post Campus

David Jalajas, Long Island University-Post Campus

Negotiation theory explains that in bargaining situations a focal negotiator should set a reservation point which is a minimum price needed to reach an agreement, or a maximum price a negotiator will can accept to reach agreement. Theory prescribes negotiators ought to set a target point or aspirant. However do negotiators strive to settle closer to the maximum or simply to exceed the minimum? This study examines whether focal negotiators’ final agreements are closer to their reservation point than their target point. The study also examines factors that may explain and correlate with negotiators’ results.

Feminism And Well-being Of Working Women In China

Jiyun Wu, Rhode Island College

In this study, I intend to examine the relationship between feminism and welling-being of working women in China. In the field of women's studies, many questions remain unanswered as to how to improve women's subjective and eudemonic well-being. In this study, I intend to probe the role of feminism in their well-being in the Chinese context. In particular, I ask the following question: is feminism associated with working women's subjective well-being and eudemonic well-being in the Chinese context?

When In Rome, Do As The Romans Do? Addressing Challenges Of Global Leadership During The Socialization Process

Julia Eisenberg, Pace University

Increasing prevalence of global expansion exacerbates the challenges often faced by new leaders as they try to establish their roles in an organization. The focus of this study is on examining the socialization process of global leaders. While a number of studies have examined employee socialization process, few have examined the factors influencing socialization of leaders, particularly in the context of globally distributed teamwork, which is likely to exacerbate the experience. The contribution of this paper is to create a theoretical framework examining themes of challenges influencing global team leader’s socialization process and some of the ways they could be addressed. The model includes individual, team, and organizational factors that can influence the socialization process of a global leader.

Transformational Leadership And Positive Work Outcomes: A Framework Exploring Role Of Lmx And Distributive Jutice

Ankur Nandedkar, Millersville University of Pennsylvania

Roger Brown, Northwestern Oklahoma State University

A significant amount of research has examined the relationship between transformational leadership and positive follower outcomes such as organizational citizenship behavior and task performance. Building on the social exchange theory and referent cognitions theory, this paper explores the propositions that transformational leadership, organizational citizenship behavior, and task performance relationship is mediated by leader member exchange and distributive justice. The purpose of this study is to explore the underlying mechanism that has a potential to influence the transformational leadership and follower outcomes relationship.

Opting Out: Stories Of Women Left Corporate Leadership In Mid-career

Robin Frkal, Assumption College

One explanation for the continued gender leadership gap is that women “opt out” of leadership. While this explanation of the leadership drain is controversial, there is no dispute that more women than men exit corporate leadership positions at mid-career. The purpose of this project is to explore how the challenges women face in developing and leading authentically may be contributing to women’s decisions to abandon the leadership track mid-stream. Using an autoethnographic interview approach, this project aims to tell the stories of women who abandoned the corporate leadership pipeline in mid-career. The goal is to develop a deeper appreciation of the disorienting dilemmas that lead them to leave. It further seeks to understand how these transformative experience influence their perspectives on leadership, and how these new perspectives may or may not facilitate a return to traditional leadership paths.

The Antecedents And Outcomes Of Shared Leadership: A Conceptual Review

Louis Hickman, Purdue University

Mesut Akdere, Purdue University

Leadership studies have traditionally focused on formally assigned hierarchical leaders. The explosion of knowledge work has necessitated a shift toward shared leadership, expanding the investigation of leadership behaviors to all team members. Effective shared leadership helps teams become self-directed, autonomous, and better able to succeed in non-routine tasks. This conceptual review identifies the antecedents and outcomes of shared leadership to guide research and practice, increasing our understanding of the impact supervisors, team dynamics, individual attitudes and characteristics, and context have on the emergence of shared leadership and its effect on team performance. Shared leadership is vital for teams with inexperienced members or high task variety because it enables informal learning. Future research should determine whether team trust predicts or results from shared leadership, or both. Shared leadership will become increasingly important as robots and artificial intelligence replace humans in routine tasks, because the work left will involve novel, non-routine problems.

Demystifying Gender Bias Intensity In Service Based Organizations

Noel Criscione-Naylor, Stockton University

Jane F. Bokunewicz, Stockton University

Gender inequality and the value of gender diversity are widely acknowledged. Women experience organizational barriers relative to their success; yet, there are clear links between increases in representation of women to increases in financial results. As service based industries seek for a competitive means in a highly saturated and differentiated market, organizations should not neglect focusing strategy on women. Accordingly, this research investigated gender bias in service based industries by functional area and examined the linkages between gender, gender bias, leadership rank, and equal opportunity measures. This research was conducted with 138 participants and revealed gender bias as a complicated manifestation explained through the lens of Pluralistic Ignorance. Findings of this study demonstrate more women than men experienced gender bias despite both genders reporting equality in the work place. This research contributes to understanding gender bias intensity factors, with acknowledgement of Pluralistic Ignorance, to promote organizational awareness and direct efforts.

OB Processes (LaSalle) [OB]

Impact Of Diverse Owner Team Characteristics On New Venture Survival

Mayank Jaiswal, Rider University

New venture failure is an important yet understudied phenomenon. I propose that same industry work experience and completion of a degree over and above the years of education attained, impact new venture survival. I utilize the typology developed by Harrison and Klein, 2007 (H&K) to analyze the impact of diversity in same industry work experience and education of the owner operator team on the survival of new ventures. Utilizing the confidential Kauffman Firm Survey data, an 8 year panel of new ventures, I find that same industry work experience of owners positively correlates with venture survival. Further, I discover that it is the attainment of a degree and not the years of education that is correlated with venture survival. I also find that diversity in education reduces the probability of survival however, same industry work experience diversity has no such impact. Finally, educational diversity is correlated with survival non-monotonically.

Untangling Task Conflict-performance Relationship Over Time: A Complexity Perspective

Erim Ergene, University of Massachusetts Amherst

Steven Floyd, University of Massachusetts Amherst

Strategic decision-making is characterized by novelty and uncertainty; a feature that is captured by complexity of the task. Literature investigating team processes in strategic decision-making argue that decision quality and ultimately team performance can be improved through conflict and debate about ideas and alternatives. However, results have been inconclusive and recent calls suggests focusing on the role time plays in team interactions. In this paper, we bring together intra-team conflict and task complexity and explore their temporal dynamics. Despite its earlier conceptualizations, we argue that task complexity is not a constant characteristic, rather it changes with time. As such, the positive utility of task conflict must depend on when it occurs during team interactions, i.e. when task complexity is at its highest. We contribute to the literature by showing when conflict in team interactions can benefit strategic decision-making, and challenging an assumption that is oft made in the literature.

9:45am - 11:00am

Country & Industry Factors in Strategy & Entrepreneurship (Hartwell) [Strategy and Intl]

Session Chair: Ankur Nandedkar, Millersville University of Pennsylvania

The Effects Of Market Orientation, Centralized Business Models, And Competitive Hostility On Business Performance In The U.s. Legal Professional Services Industry.

Jonathan Sales, Bentley University

Jessica Magaldi, Pace University

Prior research on the market orientation-business performance relationship research has focused on tangible products, larger diverse firms, and examining the relationship in the context of different countries and cultures (McNaughton, Osborne, and Imrie, 2002; McNaughton, Osborne, Morgan and Kutwaroo, 2001; Uncles, 2000; Gopalakrishna and Subramanian, 2001). This study contributes to this body of literature by extending this knowledge in a new direction by examining the business model as a moderator of the relationship between market orientation and firm performance, by examining competitive hostility as a moderator of the relationship between market orientation and firm performance, and by examining each of these relationships in the context of professional services industries; specifically, the U.S. legal professional services industry. This paper extends the knowledge of the business model by examining the centralized and decentralized business models of larger U.S. law firms on firm performance and how competitive hostility moderates this relationship.

Vertical Spinouts: Linking Vertically Related Industries

Pamela Adams, Seton Hall University

Roberto Fontana, University of Pavia

Franco Malerba, Bocconi University

This article examines vertical spinouts, which represent a type of organizational structure through which knowledge is shared and transferred between vertically related industries. We define vertical spinouts as new independent ventures that enter a focal industry after spinning-out from an established firm in either an upstream or a downstream industry. We propose that a key determinant of both their formation and their successful performance is the contextual knowledge that they inherit from their pre-entry experience in a vertically related industry. We examine spinout entry and performance in three vertically related industries over a ten year period: semiconductors, telecommunication equipment and telecommunication networks/connectivity. Our results show that vertical spinouts constitute a significant share of new entrants in these related industries and that they are more likely to survive than other entrants. Our findings have important implications for the literatures on entrepreneurship, industry structure and industry dynamics.

Corporate Political Activity And Media Coverage: Effects On Strategic Change And Firm Performance -a Study On Chinese Business Leaders In The National People’s Congress

Xiaoyu Yang, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Romila Singh, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Zheng Cheng, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Existing studies suggest that firms actively seek to “create” their environment by trying to shape government regulations that produce a more favorable environment. The ultimate way to link a Chinese firm to the government is to elect its business leader as a member of the National People’s Congress (NPC). The effect of corporate political activities on firm performance and strategic change will be explained through the lens of Chinese business leaders’ political appointments, especially their legislation behavior in the Congress. Drawing on a sample of 365 Chinese business leaders in the NPC for a period of 7 years, we found that having business leader’s legislation proposal(s) in the Congress is negatively associated with strategic change; also a business leader’s media coverage is positively associated with performance conformity but negatively associated with strategic change.

Idea Incubator Session 4 (South Rose) [Idea]

Bringing Csr To Freshmen: Pre And Post Analysis

Tejinder Billing, Rowan Univeristy

Dilip Mirchandani, Rowan University

Building on the work presented at the EAM conference in 2017, this paper extends the study of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) interventions for entering Business freshmen. Given the importance of CSR for corporate practice as well as management education, the literature does not have much on how best to systematically incorporate CSR in business curricula and calibrate its effectiveness. The use of CSR assignments as an intervention in a freshmen business class is examined using pre and post survey data especially using a matched dataset of respondents. The results show a measurable impact on student outcomes using a stable factor structure that is relevant and easily interpretable with respect to CSR awareness and sensitivity.

Don't Know Much About Geography...

Gladys Torres-Baumgarten, Ramapo College of NJ

Elizabeth A. McCrea, Seton Hall University

Students from the United States--and other countries like Canada and Mexico--often score poorly on tests of geographic literacy, defined as knowledge of world places. Yet few would argue that an understanding of geography is needed to be successful in an increasingly globalized marketplace. Given that a dedicated course in geography is not feasible for most business schools, how can management faculty efficiently and effectively improve students' facility with maps and other key geography skills and knowledge? This study proposes using international examples and giving extra credit geography exam questions as possible approaches.

‘hands On’ Or ‘hands Off’: Exploring Tactics To Facilitate Effective Student Teamwork

Julia Eisenberg, Pace University

Maggie Boyraz, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Teamwork has been increasingly important to organizational success. Teaching teamwork skills to undergraduate and graduate students is essential but it poses numerous challenges ranging from variability in skill levels to the ‘grouphate’ phenomenon experienced by some students. Earlier research highlighted challenges related to teaching teamwork to college students in various disciplines but the focus was generally more on specific cases rather than a more general framework. Our study aims to capture the challenges and possible solutions to teaching teamwork for the ever-changing workplace demands of the XXI century by contrasting various approaches, including how ‘hands-on’ a professor should be. Our study gathers and contrasts perspectives of different stakeholders, both in academia and in the industry, on what universities could do better in order to help prepare college students for teamwork-based work across disciplines.

Two Way Communication To Encourage Culture Of Compliance

Stephanie Suerth, University of Maryland, Baltimore

Susan Buskirk, University of Maryland, Baltimore

Institutes of Higher Education (IHEs) are subject to a high level of complex requirements for maintaining compliance. That high level of complex regulation makes effective and sustainable accountability initiatives desirable. The authors would like to examine the effectiveness of two-way communication devices as an initiative for encouraging community engagement in compliance.

A Social Network Model For Instructional Design And Analysis In Business School Field-based Courses

Ann Cullen, Emory University

This paper will present a social network model developed to analyze the support networks connected with MBA field-based courses. This model was derived from a study of the organizational infrastructure of experiential field-based learning courses in six of the top 20 U.S. two-year MBA programs which examined the organizational structure and support roles involved in this distinctive form of pedagogy. The model to be presented offers way to think about closeness of support as a pedagogical lever in terms of how to design these courses.

Motivation & Leadership (Roger Williams) [Leadership]

Resilient Teams Share More: The Link Between Shared Leadership And Resiliency

Christy Goodnight, University of South Alabama & Stockton University

This paper explores the link between shared leadership and a team’s resiliency. This is a new approach to looking at the concept of resiliency by combining constructs from a variety of theories that give more depth to the construct of resiliency within the organizational context of working within teams. This approach then goes on to distinguish whether the link to shared leadership is stronger when looked at from the individual aspect of resiliency versus the combined teams’ resiliency. The study has yet to be conducted but the background and basic methodology are laid out in the following article.

Complex Adaptive Leadership For Organization And Human Development

Ivy Johnson-Kanda, School of Business, Quinnipiac University

Robert Yawson, School of Business, Quinnipiac University

Complex Adaptive Leadership offers ways to shift the focus of practice to one that reflects, embraces multiple points of view, and changes in response to new knowledge and data. From a societal perspective, complex adaptive leadership provides organizations with the opportunity to grapple with the most significant and persistent problems of our time and potentially achieve real change. The paper explores complexity theory in more detail and its influence on social systems using gender bias and terrorism as examples. Using the Human Security Framework as a complex adaptive leadership approach in addressing Wicked Problems, this paper describes the Human Security dimensions to understand the wicked problems in which 21st-century organizations grapple with and the type of organizational leadership needed to confront these challenges.

Motivation To Lead: Preparing Leaders Of The Future Through An Understanding Of Communication Apprehension

Joy Jones , Stockton University

This study expanded on current theoretical understanding of motivation to lead (MTL) by testing a model that included communication apprehension as a key predictor of MTL. The hypotheses were tested with hierarchical multiple regression applied to cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 170 retail employees at building supply stores on the east coast of the United States. Results revealed a strong, negative relationship between communication apprehension and affective-identity, social-normative, and non-calculative MTL. Communication apprehension was found to be a stronger predictor of MTL than other individual difference variables identified previously. Results also revealed that although communication apprehension is significantly negatively related to all dimensions of MTL, it accounts for more variance in the affective-identity dimension than the social-normative and non-calculative dimension of MTL. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are presented and suggestions for future research are discussed.

11:00am - 12:00pm

EAM Business Meeting (South Rose)

Full Program